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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown extraordinary capabilities in understanding and generating text that closely mirrors human communication. However, a primary limitation lies in the significant computational demands during training,…

Lifelong model editing (LME) aims to sequentially rectify outdated or inaccurate knowledge in deployed LLMs while minimizing side effects on unrelated inputs. However, existing approaches typically apply parameter perturbations to a static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yangfan Wang , Tianyang Sun , Chen Tang , Jie Liu , Wei Cai , Jingchi Jiang

Lifelong Model Editing aims to continuously update evolving facts in Large Language Models while preserving unrelated knowledge and general capabilities, yet it remains plagued by catastrophic forgetting and model collapse. Empirically, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xin Ma , Wei Chen , Qi Liu , Derong Xu , Zhi Zheng , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

The imperative task of revising or updating the knowledge stored within large language models arises from two distinct sources: intrinsic errors inherent in the model which should be corrected and outdated knowledge due to external shifts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Xunjian Yin , Jin Jiang , Liming Yang , Xiaojun Wan

Keeping large language models factually up-to-date is crucial for deployment, yet costly retraining remains a challenge. Knowledge editing offers a promising alternative, but methods are only tested on small-scale or synthetic edit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Lukas Thede , Karsten Roth , Matthias Bethge , Zeynep Akata , Tom Hartvigsen

Mainstream backdoor attack methods typically demand substantial tuning data for poisoning, limiting their practicality and potentially degrading the overall performance when applied to Large Language Models (LLMs). To address these issues,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yanzhou Li , Tianlin Li , Kangjie Chen , Jian Zhang , Shangqing Liu , Wenhan Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Yang Liu

Knowledge editing aims to efficiently correct factual errors in language models. Widely used locate-then-edit methods update an MLP layer by adjusting its weights to change the mapping between the layer's input vector (key) and output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haewon Park , Sangwoo Kim , Yohan Jo

Large language models (LLMs) acquire vast knowledge from large text corpora, but this information can become outdated or inaccurate. Since retraining is computationally expensive, knowledge editing offers an efficient alternative --…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Amir Mohammad Salehoof , Ali Ramezani , Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi

Knowledge editing technology has received widespread attention for low-cost updates of incorrect or outdated knowledge in large-scale language models. However, recent research has found that edited models often exhibit varying degrees of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xiusheng Huang , Jiaxiang Liu , Yequan Wang , Kang Liu

Efficient knowledge editing of large language models is crucial for replacing obsolete information or incorporating specialized knowledge on a large scale. However, previous methods implicitly assume that knowledge is localized and isolated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Zihao Wei , Liang Pang , Hanxing Ding , Jingcheng Deng , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on various natural language tasks. However, they are trained on static corpora and their knowledge can become outdated quickly in the fast-changing world. This motivates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tianci Liu , Ruirui Li , Yunzhe Qi , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Tianqi Zheng , Qingyu Yin , Monica Xiao Cheng , Jun Huan , Haoyu Wang , Jing Gao

Large language Model (LLM) unlearning, i.e., selectively removing information from LLMs, is vital for responsible model deployment. Differently, LLM knowledge editing aims to modify LLM knowledge instead of removing it. Though editing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zexi Li , Xiangzhu Wang , William F. Shen , Meghdad Kurmanji , Xinchi Qiu , Dongqi Cai , Chao Wu , Nicholas D. Lane

Large language models (LLMs) store vast amounts of knowledge, which often requires updates to correct factual errors, incorporate newly acquired information, or adapt model behavior. Model editing methods have emerged as efficient solutions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Fufang Wen , Shichang Zhang

Sequential knowledge editing in large language models often causes catastrophic collapse of the model's general abilities, especially for parameter-modifying methods. Existing approaches mitigate this issue through heuristic constraints on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chi Zhang , Mengqi Zhang , Xiaotian Ye , Runxi Cheng , Zisheng Zhou , Ying Zhou , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen

Knowledge editing has emerged as a lightweight alternative to retraining for correcting or injecting specific facts in large language models (LLMs). Meanwhile, fine-tuning remains the default operation for adapting LLMs to new domains and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yinjie Cheng , Paul Youssef , Christin Seifert , Jörg Schlötterer , Zhixue Zhao

Model editing, the process of efficiently modifying factual knowledge in pre-trained language models, is critical for maintaining their accuracy and relevance. However, existing editing methods often introduce unintended side effects,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Tsung-Hsuan Pan , Chung-Chi Chen , Hen-Hsen Huang , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably encode outdated or incorrect knowledge. Updating, deleting, and forgetting such knowledge is important for alignment, safety, and other issues. To address this issue, model editing has emerged as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Wei Liu , Haomei Xu , Bingqing Liu , Zhiying Deng , Haozhao Wang , Jun Wang , Ruixuan Li , Yee Whye Teh , Wee Sun Lee

Large language models (LLMs) require constant updates to remain aligned with evolving real-world knowledge. Model editing offers a lightweight alternative to retraining, but sequential editing often destabilizes representations and induces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qingyuan Liu , Jia-Chen Gu , Yunzhi Yao , Hong Wang , Nanyun Peng

Despite near-perfect results reported in the literature, the effectiveness of model editing in real-world applications remains unclear. To bridge this gap, we introduce QAEdit, a new benchmark aligned with widely used question answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Wanli Yang , Fei Sun , Jiajun Tan , Xinyu Ma , Qi Cao , Dawei Yin , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Knowledge editing is a technique for efficiently and accurately updating the knowledge of large language models (LLMs) to alleviate obsolescence and correct errors. However, most existing methods overfit to specific models, causing edited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Shuaike Li , Kai Zhang , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen