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Dead code introduces several challenges in software development, such as increased binary size and maintenance difficulties. It can also obscure logical errors and be exploited for obfuscation in malware. For LLM-based code-related tasks,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Minyu Chen , Guoqiang Li , Ling-I Wu , Ruibang Liu

Unexpected stimuli induce "error" or "surprise" signals in the brain. The theory of predictive coding promises to explain these observations in terms of Bayesian inference by suggesting that the cortex implements variational inference in a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-18 Eli Sennesh , Hao Wu , Tommaso Salvatori

Large language models (LLMs) excel at generating code from natural language (NL) descriptions. However, the plain textual descriptions are inherently ambiguous and often fail to capture complex requirements like intricate system behaviors,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Wenxin Mao , Zhitao Wang , Long Wang , Sirong Chen , Cuiyun Gao , Luyang Cao , Ziming Liu , Qiming Zhang , Jun Zhou , Zhi Jin

Understanding human behavior is a fundamental goal of social sciences, yet its analysis presents significant challenges. Conventional methodologies employed for the study of behavior, characterized by labor-intensive data collection…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Dominik Schiller , Tobias Hallmen , Daksitha Withanage Don , Elisabeth André , Tobias Baur

The explosive growth of scientific publications has created an urgent need for automated methods that facilitate knowledge synthesis and hypothesis generation. Literature-based discovery (LBD) addresses this challenge by uncovering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Andrej Kastrin , Bojan Cestnik , Nada Lavrač

There has been significant research done on developing methods for improving robustness to distributional shift and uncertainty estimation. In contrast, only limited work has examined developing standard datasets and benchmarks for…

Handling graph data is one of the most difficult tasks. Traditional techniques, such as those based on geometry and matrix factorization, rely on assumptions about the data relations that become inadequate when handling large and complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Zhenyu Qian , Yiming Qian , Yuting Song , Fei Gao , Hai Jin , Chen Yu , Xia Xie

Causal graph recovery is traditionally done using statistical estimation-based methods or based on individual's knowledge about variables of interests. They often suffer from data collection biases and limitations of individuals' knowledge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yuzhe Zhang , Yipeng Zhang , Yidong Gan , Lina Yao , Chen Wang

Discovering causal direction from temporal observational data is particularly challenging for symbolic sequences, where functional models and noise assumptions are often unavailable. We propose a novel \emph{Dictionary Based Pattern Entropy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Harikrishnan N B , Shubham Bhilare , Aditi Kathpalia , Nithin Nagaraj

Circuit representation learning aims to obtain neural representations of circuit elements and has emerged as a promising research direction that can be applied to various EDA and logic reasoning tasks. Existing solutions, such as DeepGate,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Zhengyuan Shi , Hongyang Pan , Sadaf Khan , Min Li , Yi Liu , Junhua Huang , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Zhufei Chu , Qiang Xu

We introduce the concept of Automated Causal Discovery (AutoCD), defined as any system that aims to fully automate the application of causal discovery and causal reasoning methods. AutoCD's goal is to deliver all causal information that an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Konstantina Biza , Antonios Ntroumpogiannis , Sofia Triantafillou , Ioannis Tsamardinos

The role of Large Language Models (LLMs) has not been extensively explored in analog circuit design, which could benefit from a reasoning-based approach that transcends traditional optimization techniques. In particular, despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Lejla Skelic , Yan Xu , Matthew Cox , Wenjie Lu , Tao Yu , Ruonan Han

Deep vision models have achieved remarkable classification performance by leveraging a hierarchical architecture in which human-interpretable concepts emerge through the composition of individual neurons across layers. Given the distributed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dahee Kwon , Sehyun Lee , Jaesik Choi

Human-robot interactive decision-making is increasingly becoming ubiquitous, and trust is an influential factor in determining the reliance on autonomy. However, it is not reasonable to trust systems that are beyond our comprehension, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Daoming Lyu , Fangkai Yang , Hugh Kwon , Wen Dong , Levent Yilmaz , Bo Liu

Automated interpretability research has recently attracted attention as a potential research direction that could scale explanations of neural network behavior to large models. Existing automated circuit discovery work applies activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Aaquib Syed , Can Rager , Arthur Conmy

This dissertation addresses achieving causal interpretability in Deep Learning for Software Engineering (DL4SE). While Neural Code Models (NCMs) show strong performance in automating software tasks, their lack of transparency in causal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-22 David N. Palacio

Causal structure discovery (CSD) models are making inroads into several domains, including Earth system sciences. Their widespread adaptation is however hampered by the fact that the resulting models often do not take into account the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-07-05 Laila Melkas , Rafael Savvides , Suyog Chandramouli , Jarmo Mäkelä , Tuomo Nieminen , Ivan Mammarella , Kai Puolamäki

This article presents a novel method for causal discovery with generalized structural equation models suited for analyzing diverse types of outcomes, including discrete, continuous, and mixed data. Causal discovery often faces challenges…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-26 Minjie Wang , Xiaotong Shen , Wei Pan

Structured Complex Task Decomposition (SCTD) is the problem of breaking down a complex real-world task (such as planning a wedding) into a directed acyclic graph over individual steps that contribute to achieving the task, with edges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Quan Yuan , Mehran Kazemi , Xin Xu , Isaac Noble , Vaiva Imbrasaite , Deepak Ramachandran

Discovering precise and interpretable rules from knowledge graphs is regarded as an essential challenge, which can improve the performances of many downstream tasks and even provide new ways to approach some Natural Language Processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Canlin Zhang , Chun-Nan Hsu , Yannis Katsis , Ho-Cheol Kim , Yoshiki Vazquez-Baeza