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Adam is a widely used optimization algorithm in deep learning, yet the specific class of objective functions where it exhibits inherent advantages remains underexplored. Unlike prior studies requiring external schedulers and $\beta_2$ near…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhiwei Bai , Jiajie Zhao , Zhangchen Zhou , Zhi-Qin John Xu , Yaoyu Zhang

Deep learning methods - usually consisting of a class of deep neural networks (DNNs) trained by a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimization method - are nowadays omnipresent in data-driven learning problems as well as in scientific…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-13 Steffen Dereich , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert

Geometry is central to PDE-governed systems, motivating shape optimization and inversion. Classical pipelines conduct costly forward simulation with geometry processing, requiring substantial expert effort. Neural surrogates accelerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Guoze Sun , Tianya Miao , Haoyang Huang , Huaguan Chen , Han Wan , Rui Zhang , Hao Sun

Neural network training is commonly accelerated by using multiple synchronized workers to compute gradient updates in parallel. Asynchronous methods remove synchronization overheads and improve hardware utilization at the cost of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Abhinav Venigalla , Atli Kosson , Vitaliy Chiley , Urs Köster

The existing analysis of asynchronous stochastic gradient descent (SGD) degrades dramatically when any delay is large, giving the impression that performance depends primarily on the delay. On the contrary, we prove much better guarantees…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-21 Konstantin Mishchenko , Francis Bach , Mathieu Even , Blake Woodworth

Recent research has observed that in machine learning optimization, gradient descent (GD) often operates at the edge of stability (EoS) [Cohen, et al., 2021], where the stepsizes are set to be large, resulting in non-monotonic losses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Jingfeng Wu , Vladimir Braverman , Jason D. Lee

Despite the popularity of the Adam optimizer in practice, most theoretical analyses study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a proxy for Adam, and little is known about how the solutions found by Adam differ. In this paper, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Xinghan Li , Haodong Wen , Kaifeng Lyu

Existing asynchronous distributed optimization algorithms often use diminishing step-sizes that cause slow practical convergence, or use fixed step-sizes that depend on and decrease with an upper bound of the delays. Not only are such delay…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Xuyang Wu , Changxin Liu , Sindri Magnusson , Mikael Johansson

The choice of step-size used in Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) optimization is empirically selected in most training procedures. Moreover, the use of scheduled learning techniques such as Step-Decaying, Cyclical-Learning, and Warmup to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Mahdi S. Hosseini , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

Existing deep learning approaches for wearable fall detection systems rely on self-attention mechanisms that impose quadratic computational overhead, distributing weights across all time steps. This global weight distribution impairs the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Sana Alamgeer , Ronish Kumar , Awatif Yasmin , Muhammad Irshad , Anne H. H. Ngu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been widely used in machine learning due to its computational efficiency and favorable generalization properties. Recently, it has been empirically demonstrated that the gradient noise in several deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-24 Thanh Huy Nguyen , Umut Şimşekli , Mert Gürbüzbalaban , Gaël Richard

Cloud computing is becoming increasingly popular as a platform for distributed training of deep neural networks. Synchronous stochastic gradient descent (SSGD) suffers from substantial slowdowns due to stragglers if the environment is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Saar Barkai , Ido Hakimi , Assaf Schuster

Gradient optimization algorithms using epochs, that is those based on stochastic gradient descent without replacement (SGDo), are predominantly used to train machine learning models in practice. However, the mathematical theory of SGDo and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Stefan Perko

This paper presents fault-tolerant asynchronous Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithms. SGD is widely used for approximating the minimum of a cost function $Q$, as a core part of optimization and learning algorithms. Our algorithms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Hagit Attiya , Noa Schiller

We study the asynchronous stochastic gradient descent algorithm for distributed training over $n$ workers which have varying computation and communication frequency over time. In this algorithm, workers compute stochastic gradients in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Anastasia Koloskova , Sebastian U. Stich , Martin Jaggi

Gradient Descent (GD) is a ubiquitous algorithm for finding the optimal solution to an optimization problem. For reduced computational complexity, the optimal solution $\mathrm{x^*}$ of the optimization problem must be attained in a minimum…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-01 Revati Gunjal , Sushama Wagh , Syed Shadab Nayyer , Alex Stankovic , Navdeep M. Singh

In this paper, we consider the nonsmooth convex optimization problems over the fixed point constraint sets of firmly nonexpansive operators. To find an optimal solution of the problem, we present an iterative method based on the hybrid…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Ontima Pankoon , Nimit Nimana , Yeol Je Cho

Understanding the convergence performance of asynchronous stochastic gradient descent method (Async-SGD) has received increasing attention in recent years due to their foundational role in machine learning. To date, however, most of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Xin Zhang , Jia Liu , Zhengyuan Zhu

Optimization algorithms with momentum, e.g., (ADAM), have been widely used for building deep learning models due to the faster convergence rates compared with stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Momentum helps accelerate SGD in the relevant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-24 Jiyang Bai , Yuxiang Ren , Jiawei Zhang

Communication compression is a crucial technique for modern distributed learning systems to alleviate their communication bottlenecks over slower networks. Despite recent intensive studies of gradient compression for data parallel-style…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Jue Wang , Binhang Yuan , Luka Rimanic , Yongjun He , Tri Dao , Beidi Chen , Christopher Re , Ce Zhang