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This article is dedicated to the estimation of Wasserstein distances and Wasserstein costs between two distinct continuous distributions $F$ and $G$ on $\mathbb R$. The estimator is based on the order statistics of (possibly dependent)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Philippe Berthet , Jean-Claude Fort , Thierry Klein

Gaussian smoothed sliced Wasserstein distance has been recently introduced for comparing probability distributions, while preserving privacy on the data. It has been shown, in applications such as domain adaptation, to provide performances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Alain Rakotomamonjy , Mokhtar Z. Alaya , Maxime Berar , Gilles Gasso

We propose a framework, named Aggregated Wasserstein, for computing a dissimilarity measure or distance between two Hidden Markov Models with state conditional distributions being Gaussian. For such HMMs, the marginal distribution at any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Yukun Chen , Jianbo Ye , Jia Li

This paper deals with the estimation of a probability measure on the real line from data observed with an additive noise. We are interested in rates of convergence for the Wasserstein metric of order $p\geq 1$. The distribution of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-05 Jérôme Dedecker , Aurélie Fischer , Bertrand Michel

This article proposes a method to consistently estimate functionals $\frac1p\sum_{i=1}^pf(\lambda_i(C_1C_2))$ of the eigenvalues of the product of two covariance matrices $C_1,C_2\in\mathbb{R}^{p\times p}$ based on the empirical estimates…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-11 Malik Tiomoko , Romain Couillet

Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) are widely used in machine learning for tasks such as clustering, classification, image reconstruction, and generative modeling. A key challenge in working with GMMs is defining a computationally efficient and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Moritz Piening , Robert Beinert

We address the problem of efficiently computing Wasserstein distances for multiple pairs of distributions drawn from a meta-distribution. To this end, we propose a fast estimation method based on regressing Wasserstein distance on sliced…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-04 Khai Nguyen , Hai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

We present a general probabilistic perspective on Gaussian filtering and smoothing. This allows us to show that common approaches to Gaussian filtering/smoothing can be distinguished solely by their methods of computing/approximating the…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-06-09 Marc Peter Deisenroth , Henrik Ohlsson

With modern high-dimensional data, complex statistical models are necessary, requiring computationally feasible inference schemes. We introduce Max-and-Smooth, an approximate Bayesian inference scheme for a flexible class of latent Gaussian…

The plug-in estimator of the squared Euclidean 2-Wasserstein distance is conservative, however due to its large positive bias it is often uninformative. We eliminate most of this bias using a simple centering procedure based on linear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-30 Tamás P. Papp , Chris Sherlock

The Gaussian-smoothed optimal transport (GOT) framework, recently proposed by Goldfeld et al., scales to high dimensions in estimation and provides an alternative to entropy regularization. This paper provides convergence guarantees for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Yixing Zhang , Xiuyuan Cheng , Galen Reeves

The adapted Wasserstein distance is a metric for quantifying distributional uncertainty and assessing the sensitivity of stochastic optimization problems on time series data. A computationally efficient alternative to it, is provided by the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Beatrice Acciaio , Songyan Hou , Gudmund Pammer

Wasserstein gradient flow (WGF) is a common method to perform optimization over the space of probability measures. While WGF is guaranteed to converge to a first-order stationary point, for nonconvex functionals the converged solution does…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Naoya Yamamoto , Juno Kim , Taiji Suzuki

We establish a general concentration result for the 1-Wasserstein distance between the empirical measure of a sequence of random variables and its expectation. Unlike standard results that rely on independence (e.g., Sanov's theorem) or…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Arash A. Amini , Luciano Vinas

We propose a framework, named Aggregated Wasserstein, for computing a dissimilarity measure or distance between two Hidden Markov Models with state conditional distributions being Gaussian. For such HMMs, the marginal distribution at any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-08-08 Yukun Chen , Jianbo Ye , Jia Li

The sliced Wasserstein (SW) distances between two probability measures are defined as the expectation of the Wasserstein distance between two one-dimensional projections of the two measures. The randomness comes from a projecting direction…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-20 Khai Nguyen , Nhat Ho

We analyze a number of natural estimators for the optimal transport map between two distributions and show that they are minimax optimal. We adopt the plugin approach: our estimators are simply optimal couplings between measures derived…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Tudor Manole , Sivaraman Balakrishnan , Jonathan Niles-Weed , Larry Wasserman

This paper is focused on the study of entropic regularization in optimal transport as a smoothing method for Wasserstein estimators, through the prism of the classical tradeoff between approximation and estimation errors in statistics.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-30 Jérémie Bigot , Paul Freulon , Boris P. Hejblum , Arthur Leclaire

We introduce a distributionally robust maximum likelihood estimation model with a Wasserstein ambiguity set to infer the inverse covariance matrix of a $p$-dimensional Gaussian random vector from $n$ independent samples. The proposed model…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-21 Viet Anh Nguyen , Daniel Kuhn , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani

We use Stein's method to bound the Wasserstein distance of order $2$ between a measure $\nu$ and the Gaussian measure using a stochastic process $(X_t)_{t \geq 0}$ such that $X_t$ is drawn from $\nu$ for any $t > 0$. If the stochastic…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Thomas Bonis