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We study the problem of quantum-state tomography under the assumption that the state of the system is close to pure. In this context, an efficient measurements that one typically formulates uniquely identify a pure state from within the set…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-11 Amir Kalev , Charles H. Baldwin , Ivan H. Deutsch

Quantum state tomography, the ability to deduce the state of a quantum system from measured data, is the gold standard for verification and benchmarking of quantum devices. It has been realized in systems with few components, but for larger…

Assumption-free reconstruction of quantum states from measurements is essential for benchmarking and certifying quantum devices, but it remains difficult due to the extensive measurement statistics and experimental resources it demands. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Adrian Skasberg Aasen , Martin Gärttner

Quantum state tomography (QST) aims at reconstructing the state of a quantum system. However in conventional QST the number of measurements scales exponentially with the number of qubits. Here we propose a QST protocol, in which the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-23 Daniele Binosi , Giovanni Garberoglio , Diego Maragnano , Maurizio Dapor , Marco Liscidini

The number of parameters describing a quantum state is well known to grow exponentially with the number of particles. This scaling clearly limits our ability to do tomography to systems with no more than a few qubits and has been used to…

Quantum state tomography is the standard tool in current experiments for verifying that a state prepared in the lab is close to an ideal target state, but up to now there were no rigorous methods for evaluating the precision of the state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-04 Takanori Sugiyama , Peter S. Turner , Mio Murao

Reconstructing the state of a complex quantum system represents a pivotal task for all quantum information applications, both for characterization purposes and for verification of quantum protocols. Recent technological developments have…

Quantum state and process tomography are typically analyzed under the assumption that devices emit independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) states or channels. In realistic experiments, however, noise, drift, feedback, or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Leonardo Zambrano

In quantum information transformation and quantum computation, the most critical issues are security and accuracy. These features, therefore, stimulate research on quantum state characterization. A characterization tool, Quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-01 Xudan Chai , Teng Ma , Qihao Guo , Zhangqi Yin , Hao Wu , Qing Zhao

We provide an adaptive learning algorithm for tomography of general quantum states. Our proposal is based on the simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation algorithm and is applicable on mixed qudit states. The salient features of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Ahmad Farooq , Muhammad Asad Ullah , Syahri Ramadhani , Junaid ur Rehman , Hyundong Shin

We propose a learning method for estimating unknown pure quantum states. The basic idea of our method is to learn a unitary operation $\hat{U}$ that transforms a given unknown state $|\psi_\tau\rangle$ to a known fiducial state $|f\rangle$.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-07 Sang Min Lee , Jinhyoung Lee , Jeongho Bang

Reconstructing quantum states is an important task for various emerging quantum technologies. The process of reconstructing the density matrix of a quantum state is known as quantum state tomography. Conventionally, tomography of arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-17 Sanjib Ghosh , Andrzej Opala , Michał Matuszewski , Tomasz Paterek , Timothy C. H. Liew

Estimation of quantum states and measurements is crucial for the implementation of quantum information protocols. The standard method for each is quantum tomography. However, quantum tomography suffers from systematic errors caused by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-19 Adam C. Keith , Charles H. Baldwin , Scott Glancy , E. Knill

We analyze the estimation of a qubit pure state by means of local measurements on $N$ identical copies and compare its averaged fidelity for an isotropic prior probability distribution to the absolute upper bound given by collective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Bagan , A. Monras , R. Munoz-Tapia

Quantum state tomography is the task of inferring the state of a quantum system by appropriate measurements. Since the frequency distributions of the outcomes of any finite number of measurements will generally deviate from their asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-11-08 Matthias Christandl , Renato Renner

Quantum state purification is the task of recovering a nearly pure copy of an unknown pure quantum state using multiple noisy copies of the state. This basic task has applications to quantum communication over noisy channels and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Andrew M. Childs , Honghao Fu , Debbie Leung , Zhi Li , Maris Ozols , Vedang Vyas

A powerful tool for studying geometrical problems in Hilbert space is developed. In particular, we study the quantum pure state tomography problem in finite dimensions from the point of view of dynamical systems and bifurcations theory.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-02 D. Goyeneche , A. C. de la Torre

We discuss quantum state tomography via a stepwise reconstruction of the eigenstates of the mixed states produced in experiments. Our method is tailored to the experimentally relevant class of nearly pure states or simple mixed states,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Abhijeet Melkani , Clemens Gneiting , Franco Nori

Quantum state tomography is a fundamental task in quantum computing, involving the reconstruction of an unknown quantum state from measurement outcomes. Although essential, it is typically introduced at the graduate level due to its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Mohammad Aamir Sohail , Ranga Sudharshan , S. Sandeep Pradhan , Arvind Rao

Due to the exponential complexity of the resources required by quantum state tomography (QST), people are interested in approaches towards identifying quantum states which require less effort and time. In this paper, we provide a tailored…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-02 K. Li , J. Zhang , S. Cong