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Large Language Models (LLMs), with their exceptional ability to handle a wide range of tasks, have driven significant advancements in tackling reasoning and planning tasks, wherein decomposing complex problems into executable workflows is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Shuofei Qiao , Runnan Fang , Zhisong Qiu , Xiaobin Wang , Ningyu Zhang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Huajun Chen

As LLM-based agents are increasingly deployed in real-life scenarios, existing benchmarks fail to capture their inherent complexity of handling extensive information, leveraging diverse resources, and managing dynamic user interactions. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Wei He , Yueqing Sun , Hongyan Hao , Xueyuan Hao , Zhikang Xia , Qi Gu , Chengcheng Han , Dengchang Zhao , Hui Su , Kefeng Zhang , Man Gao , Xi Su , Xiaodong Cai , Xunliang Cai , Yu Yang , Yunke Zhao

As language models (LMs) evolve from chat assistants to long-horizon agents capable of multi-step reasoning and tool use, existing benchmarks remain largely confined to structured or exam-style tasks that fall short of real-world…

This paper presents a benchmark self-evolving framework to dynamically evaluate rapidly advancing Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming for a more accurate assessment of their capabilities and limitations. We utilize a multi-agent system to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Siyuan Wang , Zhuohan Long , Zhihao Fan , Zhongyu Wei , Xuanjing Huang

As multi-agent Large Language Model (LLM) systems scale, evaluating their emergent coordination dynamics becomes increasingly critical. However, current evaluation paradigms-focused on single agents or small, explicitly structured…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Brandon Yee , Pairie Koh

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a greater challenge of having a rigorous and systematic evaluation of complex tasks performed, especially in enterprise applications. Therefore, LLMs need to be able to benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Bing Zhang , Mikio Takeuchi , Ryo Kawahara , Shubhi Asthana , Md. Maruf Hossain , Guang-Jie Ren , Kate Soule , Yada Zhu

Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly applied to complex strategic environments that demand long-horizon reasoning, multi-agent interaction, and decision-making under uncertainty. However, common existing benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenjie Tang , Yuan Zhou , Erqiang Xu , Keyan Cheng , Minne Li , Liquan Xiao

Evaluation insights are limited by the availability of high-quality benchmarks. As models evolve, there is a need to create benchmarks that can measure progress on new and complex generative capabilities. However, manually creating new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Natasha Butt , Varun Chandrasekaran , Neel Joshi , Besmira Nushi , Vidhisha Balachandran

Leveraging Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to create embodied agents offers a promising avenue for tackling real-world tasks. While language-centric embodied agents have garnered substantial attention, MLLM-based embodied agents…

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have evolved into tool-using agents, they remain brittle in long-horizon interactions. Unlike mathematical reasoning where errors are often rectifiable via backtracking, tool-use failures frequently induce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shengda Fan , Xuyan Ye , Yupeng Huo , Zhi-Yuan Chen , Yiju Guo , Shenzhi Yang , Wenkai Yang , Shuqi Ye , Jingwen Chen , Haotian Chen , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) as general-purpose agents is essential for understanding their capabilities and facilitating their integration into practical applications. However, the evaluation process presents substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Chang Ma , Junlei Zhang , Zhihao Zhu , Cheng Yang , Yujiu Yang , Yaohui Jin , Zhenzhong Lan , Lingpeng Kong , Junxian He

As LLMs are increasingly deployed as agents, reliable assessment of their agentic capabilities has become essential. However, reported benchmark scores often jointly reflect model capability and the implementation choices each benchmark is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Pengyu Zhu , Lijun Li , Yaxing Lyu , Qianxin Luo , Jingyi Yang , Yi Liu , Tingfeng Hui , Xinyu Yuan , Li Sun , Sen Su , Jing Shao

As large language models (LLMs) evolve into sophisticated autonomous agents capable of complex software development tasks, evaluating their real-world capabilities becomes critical. While existing benchmarks like…

Scalable AI agents training relies on interactive environments that faithfully simulate the consequences of agent actions. Manually crafted environments are expensive to build, brittle to extend, and fundamentally limited in diversity. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yi Liu , TingFeng Hui , Wei Zhang , Li Sun , Ningxin Su , Jian Wang , Sen Su

Large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in machine learning research agents that can autonomously propose ideas and conduct experiments. However, existing benchmarks predominantly adopt an engineering-oriented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Qiran Zou , Hou Hei Lam , Wenhao Zhao , Yiming Tang , Tingting Chen , Samson Yu , Tianyi Zhang , Chang Liu , Xiangyang Ji , Dianbo Liu

Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications requiring complex, long-horizon workflows. However, existing benchmarks predominantly focus on atomic tasks that are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Weixuan Wang , Dongge Han , Daniel Madrigal Diaz , Jin Xu , Victor Rühle , Saravan Rajmohan

With large language models (LLMs) increasingly deployed as cognitive engines for AI agents, the reliability and effectiveness critically hinge on their intrinsic epistemic agency, which remains understudied. Epistemic agency, the ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Lingyu Li , Yixu Wang , Haiquan Zhao , Shuqi Kong , Yan Teng , Chunbo Li , Yingchun Wang

LLM-based agents have emerged as promising tools, which are crafted to fulfill complex tasks by iterative planning and action. However, these agents are susceptible to undesired planning hallucinations when lacking specific knowledge for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Ruixuan Xiao , Wentao Ma , Ke Wang , Yuchuan Wu , Junbo Zhao , Haobo Wang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled agents to operate in open-ended web and operating system environments. However, existing benchmarks predominantly target consumer-oriented scenarios (e.g., e-commerce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ying Mo , Yu Bai , Dapeng Sun , Yuqian Shi , Yukai Miao , Li Chen , Dan Li