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Integrating hard constraints into deep learning is essential for safety-critical systems. Yet existing constructive layers that project predictions onto constraint boundaries face a fundamental bottleneck: gradient saturation. By collapsing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Philipp J. Schneider , Daniel Kuhn

Cosine-based softmax losses significantly improve the performance of deep face recognition networks. However, these losses always include sensitive hyper-parameters which can make training process unstable, and it is very tricky to set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Xiao Zhang , Rui Zhao , Junjie Yan , Mengya Gao , Yu Qiao , Xiaogang Wang , Hongsheng Li

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is essential for deploying large diffusion transformers on resource-constrained hardware, but aggressive 4-bit quantization significantly degrades generative performance. Low-rank approximation methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yann Bouquet , Alireza Khodamoradi , Sophie Yáng Shen , Kristof Denolf , Mathieu Salzmann

As the performance gains from accelerating quantized matrix multiplication plateau, the softmax operation becomes the critical bottleneck in Transformer inference. This bottleneck stems from two hardware limitations: (1) limited data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zisheng Ye , Xiaoyu He , Maoyuan Song , Guoliang Qiu , Chao Liao , Chen Wu , Yonggang Sun , Zhichun Li , Xiaoru Xie , Yuanyong Luo , Hu Liu , Pinyan Lu , Heng Liao

To bring Spin Wave (SW) based computing paradigm into practice and develop ultra low power Magnonic circuits and computation platforms, one needs basic logic gates that operate and can be cascaded within the SW domain without requiring back…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-22 Abdulqader Mahmoud , Frederic Vanderveken , Christoph Adelmann , Florin Ciubotaru , Said Hamdioui , Sorin Cotofana

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are widely used to implement deep learning inference. Standard deep neural network inference involves the computation of interleaved linear maps and nonlinear activation functions. Prior work for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Marta Andronic , George A. Constantinides

U-shaped networks output logits at multiple spatial scales, each capturing a different blend of coarse context and fine detail. Yet, training still treats these logits in isolation - either supervising only the final, highest-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Md Mostafijur Rahman , Radu Marculescu

We give a polynomial-time algorithm for learning neural networks with one layer of sigmoids feeding into any Lipschitz, monotone activation function (e.g., sigmoid or ReLU). We make no assumptions on the structure of the network, and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Surbhi Goel , Adam Klivans

In this paper, we propose a novel multi-task learning method based on the deep convolutional network. The proposed deep network has four convolutional layers, three max-pooling layers, and two parallel fully connected layers. To adjust the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Fang Su , Hai-Yang Shang , Jing-Yan Wang

Many self-attention sublayers in large language models (LLMs) can be removed with little to no loss. We attribute this to the Attention Suppression Hypothesis: during pre-training, some deep attention layers learn to mute their own…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Dhananjay Saikumar , Blesson Varghese

Designing high-fidelity quantum circuits remains challenging, and current paradigms often depend on heuristic, fixed-ansatz structures or rule-based compilers that can be suboptimal or lack generality. We introduce a neuro-symbolic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Antonin Sulc

Vision transformers (ViTs) have pushed the state-of-the-art for visual perception tasks. The self-attention mechanism underpinning the strength of ViTs has a quadratic complexity in both computation and memory usage. This motivates the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Jiachen Lu , Junge Zhang , Xiatian Zhu , Jianfeng Feng , Tao Xiang , Li Zhang

Softmax attention defines an interaction through $d_h$ head dimensions, but not all dimensions carry equal weight once real text passes through. We decompose the attention logit field into a learned component and a generated component and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Wonsuk Lee

We investigate different approaches to machine learning of line bundle cohomology on complex surfaces as well as on Calabi-Yau three-folds. Standard function learning based on simple fully connected networks with logistic sigmoids is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-02-19 Callum R. Brodie , Andrei Constantin , Rehan Deen , Andre Lukas

We introduce GateSkip, a simple residual-stream gating mechanism that enables token-wise layer skipping in decoder-only LMs. Each Attention/MLP branch is equipped with a sigmoid-linear gate that condenses the branch's output before it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Filipe Laitenberger , Dawid Kopiczko , Cees G. M. Snoek , Yuki M. Asano

Polynomial threshold gates are basic processing units of an artificial neural network. When the input vectors are binary vectors, these gates correspond to Boolean functions and can be analyzed via their polynomial representations. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-07-05 Yi Ming Zou

Linear layers hold most of a transformer's parameters. We replace each linear layer with one that stores $K$ out of $mn$ two-dimensional DCT coefficients per weight matrix and reconstructs the full matrix through an inverse DCT at every…

Performance · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Mohamed Amine Bergach

We present Brainstacks, a modular architecture for continual multi-domain fine-tuning of large language models that packages domain expertise as frozen adapter stacks composing additively on a shared frozen base at inference. Five…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Mohammad R. Abu Ayyash

Recently, research has increasingly focused on developing efficient neural network architectures. In this work, we explore logic gate networks for machine learning tasks by learning combinations of logic gates. These networks comprise logic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Felix Petersen , Christian Borgelt , Hilde Kuehne , Oliver Deussen

Recent research efforts focus on reducing the computational and memory overheads of Large Language Models (LLMs) to make them feasible on resource-constrained devices. Despite advancements in compression techniques, non-linear operators…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Mariam Rakka , Jinhao Li , Guohao Dai , Ahmed Eltawil , Mohammed E. Fouda , Fadi Kurdahi