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In autonomous driving, behavior prediction is fundamental for safe motion planning, hence the security and robustness of prediction models against adversarial attacks are of paramount importance. We propose a novel adversarial backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Mozhgan Pourkeshavarz , Mohammad Sabokrou , Amir Rasouli

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) models are vulnerable to adversarial examples, particularly in black-box scenarios. Existing multimodal attacks often suffer from limited perturbation diversity and unstable multi-stage pipelines. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Wutao Chen , Huaqin Zou , Chen Wan , Lifeng Huang

Current adversarial attacks for evaluating the robustness of vision-language pre-trained (VLP) models in multi-modal tasks suffer from limited transferability, where attacks crafted for a specific model often struggle to generalize…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Peng-Fei Zhang , Guangdong Bai , Zi Huang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot generalizability across diverse downstream tasks. However, recent studies have revealed that VLMs, including CLIP, are highly vulnerable to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jia Deng , Jin Li , Zhenhua Zhao , Shaowei Wang

With Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) models demonstrating powerful multimodal interaction capabilities, the application scenarios of neural networks are no longer confined to unimodal domains but have expanded to more complex multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Haonan Zheng , Xinyang Deng , Wen Jiang , Wenrui Li

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial examples crafted by well-designed perturbations. This could lead to disastrous results on critical applications such as self-driving cars, surveillance security, and medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yaguan Qian , Chenyu Zhao , Zhaoquan Gu , Bin Wang , Shouling Ji , Wei Wang , Boyang Zhou , Pan Zhou

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models map multimodal perception and language instructions to executable robot actions, making them particularly vulnerable to behavioral backdoor manipulation: a hidden trigger introduced during training can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zonghuan Xu , Jiayu Li , Yunhan Zhao , Xiang Zheng , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Backdoor attacks pose a serious threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), causing them to exhibit anomalous behavior under specific trigger conditions. The design of backdoor triggers has evolved from fixed triggers to dynamic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haotian Jin , Yang Li , Haihui Fan , Lin Shen , Xiangfang Li , Bo Li

Though deep neural networks have achieved the state of the art performance in visual classification, recent studies have shown that they are all vulnerable to the attack of adversarial examples. In this paper, we develop improved techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Dou Goodman , Xingjian Li , Ji Liu , Dejing Dou , Tao Wei

Visual language modeling for automated driving is emerging as a promising research direction with substantial improvements in multimodal reasoning capabilities. Despite its advanced reasoning abilities, VLM-AD remains vulnerable to serious…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Dehong Kong , Sifan Yu , Siyuan Liang , Jiawei Liang , Jianhou Gan , Aishan Liu , Wenqi Ren

Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have achieved impressive zero-shot recognition performance but remain highly susceptible to adversarial perturbations, posing significant risks in safety-critical scenarios. Previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhiwei Li , Yitian Pang , Weining Wang , Zhenan Sun , Qi Li

Multimodal contrastive learning models (e.g., CLIP) can learn high-quality representations from large-scale image-text datasets, while they exhibit significant vulnerabilities to backdoor attacks, raising serious safety concerns. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zhifang Zhang , Shuo He , Haobo Wang , Bingquan Shen , Lei Feng

Due to the high cost of training, large model (LM) practitioners commonly use pretrained models downloaded from untrusted sources, which could lead to owning compromised models. In-context learning is the ability of LMs to perform multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Gorka Abad , Stjepan Picek , Lorenzo Cavallaro , Aitor Urbieta

Adversarial training enhances the robustness of Machine Learning (ML) models against adversarial attacks. However, obtaining labeled training and adversarial training data in network/cybersecurity domains is challenging and costly.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Mohamed elShehaby , Aditya Kotha , Ashraf Matrawy

As the key technology of augmented reality (AR), 3D recognition and tracking are always vulnerable to adversarial examples, which will cause serious security risks to AR systems. Adversarial examples are beneficial to improve the robustness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Weiquan Liu , Shijun Zheng , Cheng Wang

Prompt-based learning is a new language model training paradigm that adapts the Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to downstream tasks, which revitalizes the performance benchmarks across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Yue Xu , Wenjie Wang

Deep neural network models are used today in various applications of artificial intelligence, the strengthening of which, in the face of adversarial attacks is of particular importance. An appropriate solution to adversarial attacks is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Mohammad Khalooei , Mohammad Mehdi Homayounpour , Maryam Amirmazlaghani

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved revolutionary progress in robot learning, enabling robots to execute complex physical robot tasks from natural language instructions. Despite this progress, their adversarial robustness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Haochuan Xu , Yun Sing Koh , Shuhuai Huang , Zirun Zhou , Di Wang , Jun Sakuma , Jingfeng Zhang

Recent studies demonstrated the vulnerability of control policies learned through deep reinforcement learning against adversarial attacks, raising concerns about the application of such models to risk-sensitive tasks such as autonomous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-10 Prasanth Buddareddygari , Travis Zhang , Yezhou Yang , Yi Ren

Deep learning has emerged as a leading approach for Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC), demonstrating superior performance over traditional methods. However, vulnerability to adversarial attacks and susceptibility to data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ali Owfi , Amirmohammad Bamdad , Tolunay Seyfi , Fatemeh Afghah