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LLM-based agents have emerged as promising tools, which are crafted to fulfill complex tasks by iterative planning and action. However, these agents are susceptible to undesired planning hallucinations when lacking specific knowledge for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Ruixuan Xiao , Wentao Ma , Ke Wang , Yuchuan Wu , Junbo Zhao , Haobo Wang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Classical planning formulations like the Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) admit action sequences guaranteed to achieve a goal state given an initial state if any are possible. However, reasoning problems defined in PDDL do not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-27 David Bai , Ishika Singh , David Traum , Jesse Thomason

Bimanual robotic manipulation provides significant versatility, but also presents an inherent challenge due to the complexity involved in the spatial and temporal coordination between two hands. Existing works predominantly focus on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Kun Chu , Xufeng Zhao , Cornelius Weber , Stefan Wermter

Large Language Model(LLM)-based agents have shown strong capabilities in web information seeking, with reinforcement learning (RL) becoming a key optimization paradigm. However, planning remains a bottleneck, as existing methods struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Xinmiao Yu , Liwen Zhang , Xiaocheng Feng , Yong Jiang , Bing Qin , Pengjun Xie , Jingren Zhou

In e-commerce, LLM agents show promise for shopping tasks such as recommendations, budget management, and bundle deals, where accurately capturing user preferences from long-horizon conversations is critical. However, progress is limited by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zijian Yu , Kejun Xiao , Huaipeng Zhao , Tao Luo , Xiaoyi Zeng

The ability to perform reliable long-horizon task planning is crucial for deploying robots in real-world environments. However, directly employing Large Language Models (LLMs) as action sequence generators often results in low success rates…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Tianxing Zhou , Zhirui Wang , Haojia Ao , Guangyan Chen , Boyang Xing , Jingwen Cheng , Yi Yang , Yufeng Yue

While large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential in solving planning problems, there is a trade-off between flexibility and complexity. LLMs, as zero-shot planners themselves, are still not capable of directly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Yilun Hao , Yang Zhang , Chuchu Fan

The development of LLM-based autonomous agents for end-to-end software development represents a significant paradigm shift in software engineering. However, the scientific evaluation of these systems is hampered by significant challenges,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Zhengran Zeng , Yixin Li , Rui Xie , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Agentic systems increasingly rely on reusable procedural capabilities, \textit{a.k.a., agentic skills}, to execute long-horizon workflows reliably. These capabilities are callable modules that package procedural knowledge with explicit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yanna Jiang , Delong Li , Haiyu Deng , Baihe Ma , Xu Wang , Qin Wang , Guangsheng Yu

Large language model-based web agents have shown strong potential in automating web interactions through advanced reasoning and instruction following. While retrieval-based memory derived from historical trajectories enables these agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yunteng Tan , Zhi Gao , Xinxiao Wu

The language generation and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have enabled conversational systems with impressive performance in a variety of tasks, from code generation, to composing essays, to passing STEM and legal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Konstantina Christakopoulou , Iris Qu , John Canny , Andrew Goodridge , Cj Adams , Minmin Chen , Maja Matarić

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) show promise for robotic task planning but often struggle to guarantee correctness in long-horizon problems. Task and motion planning (TAMP) addresses this by grounding symbolic plans in low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jinbang Huang , Yixin Xiao , Zhanguang Zhang , Mark Coates , Jianye Hao , Yingxue Zhang

Enabling large language models to scale and reliably use hundreds of tools is critical for real-world applications, yet challenging due to the inefficiency and error accumulation inherent in flat tool-calling architectures. To address this,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Chengrui Huang , Junshuo Zhang , Zhiyuan Ma , Xikun Wang , Ximeng Wang , Menghua Jiang , Gang Zeng , Zhaobing Han , Shen Gao , Shuo Shang

Embodied planning requires agents to make coherent multi-step decisions based on dynamic visual observations and natural language goals. While recent vision-language models (VLMs) excel at static perception tasks, they struggle with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Di Wu , Jiaxin Fan , Junzhe Zang , Guanbo Wang , Wei Yin , Wenhao Li , Bo Jin

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has increasingly drawn attention to the use of LLMs for human-like planning. Existing work on LLM-based planning either focuses on leveraging the inherent language generation capabilities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Shiguang Guo , Ziliang Deng , Hongyu Lin , Yaojie Lu , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

As LLM agents transition from short, static problem solving to executing complex, long-horizon tasks in dynamic environments, the ability to handle user interruptions, such as adding requirement or revising goals, during mid-task execution…

Tool invocation is a core capability of agentic systems, yet failures often arise not from individual tool calls but from how multiple tools are organized and executed together. Existing approaches tightly couple tool execution with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Tao Zhe , Haoyu Wang , Bo Luo , Min Wu , Wei Fan , Xiao Luo , Zijun Yao , Haifeng Chen , Dongjie Wang

Does continued scaling of large language models (LLMs) yield diminishing returns? In this work, we show that short-task benchmarks may give an illusion of slowing progress, as even marginal gains in single-step accuracy can compound into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Akshit Sinha , Arvindh Arun , Shashwat Goel , Steffen Staab , Jonas Geiping

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated remarkable promise for tackling complex tasks by breaking them down into subtasks that are iteratively planned, executed, observed, and refined. Despite their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Enhao Zhang , Erkang Zhu , Gagan Bansal , Adam Fourney , Hussein Mozannar , Jack Gerrits

We investigate a multi-agent planning problem, where each agent aims to achieve an individual task while avoiding collisions with others. We assume that each agent's task is expressed as a Time-Window Temporal Logic (TWTL) specification…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Ryan Peterson , Ali Tevfik Buyukkocak , Derya Aksaray , Yasin Yazicioglu