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The impact of frontier AI (i.e., AI agents and foundation models) in cybersecurity is rapidly increasing. In this paper, we comprehensively analyze this trend through multiple aspects: quantitative benchmarks, qualitative literature review,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yujin Potter , Wenbo Guo , Zhun Wang , Tianneng Shi , Hongwei Li , Andy Zhang , Patrick Gage Kelley , Kurt Thomas , Dawn Song

Recent events surrounding the relationship between frontier AI suppliers and national-security customers have made a structural problem newly visible: once a privately governed model becomes embedded in military workflows, the supplier can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Peng Wei , Wesley Shu

Reproducibility is a cornerstone of science. FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) data is often a vital step towards testing the reproducibility of results. The implementation of FAIR principles in the astrophysical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-10 Susanne Pfalzner , Stephan Hachinger , Jolanta Zjupa , Salvatore Cielo , Frank W. Wagner , Marcus Brüggen , Annika Hagemeier

Increased adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) systems into scientific workflows will result in an increasing technical debt as the distance between the data scientists and engineers who develop AI system components and scientists,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Iain Barclay , Harrison Taylor , Alun Preece , Ian Taylor , Dinesh Verma , Geeth de Mel

Generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) systems represent a critical technology with far-reaching implications across multiple domains of society. However, their deployment entails a range of risks and challenges that require careful…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jorge Machado

Existing AI disclosure mandates in scholarship require that AI assistance be reported but leave transparency philosophically unspecified: they fix the duty without explaining what the duty serves. We argue that ethical inquiry is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Michele Loi

Current frontier AI safety evaluations emphasize static benchmarks, third-party annotations, and red-teaming. In this position paper, we argue that AI safety research should focus on human-centered evaluations that measure harmful…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Michelle Vaccaro , Jaeyoon Song , Abdullah Almaatouq , Michiel A. Bakker

The computer science research community and the broader public have become increasingly aware of negative consequences of algorithmic systems. In response, the top-tier Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) conference for machine…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Priyanka Nanayakkara , Jessica Hullman , Nicholas Diakopoulos

In the rapidly evolving fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML), the reproducibility crisis underscores the urgent need for clear validation methodologies to maintain scientific integrity and encourage advancement.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Abhyuday Desai , Mohamed Abdelhamid , Nakul R. Padalkar

As consensus across the various published AI ethics principles is approached, a gap remains between high-level principles and practical techniques that can be readily adopted to design and develop responsible AI systems. We examine the…

The responsible AI (RAI) community has introduced numerous processes and artifacts (e.g., Model Cards, Transparency Notes, Data Cards) to facilitate transparency and support the governance of AI systems. While originally designed to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Anna Kawakami , Daricia Wilkinson , Alexandra Chouldechova

To understand and identify the unprecedented risks posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) models, Frontier AI Risk Management Framework in Practice presents a comprehensive assessment of their frontier risks. As Large…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) conferences are essential for advancing research, sharing knowledge, and fostering academic community. However, their rapid expansion has rendered the centralized conference model increasingly unsustainable.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Nuo Chen , Moming Duan , Andre Huikai Lin , Qian Wang , Jiaying Wu , Bingsheng He

This position paper argues that job exposure to AI should be measured with grounded, evidence-based methods, not inferred from LLM priors alone. Current theoretical exposure measures use zero-shot prompting to classify task-level AI…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Luca Mouchel , Pierre Bouquet , Yossi Sheffi

We propose IrisFP, a novel adversarial-example-based model fingerprinting framework that enhances both uniqueness and robustness by leveraging multi-boundary characteristics, multi-sample behaviors, and fingerprint discriminative power…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ziye Geng , Guang Yang , Yihang Chen , Changqing Luo

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers incredible possibilities for patient care, but raises significant ethical issues, such as the potential for bias. Powerful ethical frameworks exist to minimize these issues, but are often developed for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Ion Nemteanu , Adir Mancebo , Leslie Joe , Ryan Lopez , Patricia Lopez , Warren Woodrich Pettine

Whether and how data scientists, statisticians and modellers should be accountable for the AI systems they develop remains a controversial and highly debated topic, especially given the complexity of AI systems and the difficulties in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Cassandra Bird , Daniel Williamson , Sabina Leonelli

Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly through the advent of large-scale generative AI (GenAI) models such as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become a transformative element in contemporary technology. While these models have unlocked…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Boming Xia , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Sung Une Lee , Yue Liu , Zhenchang Xing

The rapid growth of research in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) follows on two substantial developments. First, the enormous application success of modern machine learning methods, especially deep and reinforcement learning, which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-06 S. Atakishiyev , H. Babiker , N. Farruque , R. Goebel1 , M-Y. Kima , M. H. Motallebi , J. Rabelo , T. Syed , O. R. Zaïane

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems grow more powerful, autonomous, and embedded in critical infrastructure, their identification and traceability become foundational to regulatory oversight and sustainable digital governance. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Di Kevin Gao , Jingdao Chen , Shahram Rahimi