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Flow and diffusion models produce high-quality samples, but adapting them to user preferences or constraints post-training remains costly and brittle, a challenge commonly called reward alignment. We argue that efficient reward alignment…

This work presents mixed variational flows (MixFlows), a new variational family that consists of a mixture of repeated applications of a map to an initial reference distribution. First, we provide efficient algorithms for i.i.d. sampling,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-03 Zuheng Xu , Naitong Chen , Trevor Campbell

While continuous diffusion models excel in modeling continuous distributions, their application to categorical data has been less effective. Recent work has shown that ratio-matching through score-entropy within a continuous-time discrete…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-09 Etrit Haxholli , Yeti Z. Gurbuz , Ogul Can , Eli Waxman

Graph generative models are essential across diverse scientific domains by capturing complex distributions over relational data. Among them, graph diffusion models achieve superior performance but face inefficient sampling and limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yiming Qin , Manuel Madeira , Dorina Thanou , Pascal Frossard

Learning permutations is fundamental to sorting, ranking, and matching, but existing differentiable methods based on entropy-regularized Sinkhorn produce a single softened solution and collapse under ambiguity. We present PermFlow, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yimeng Min , Carla P. Gomes

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides towards Artificial General Intelligence. However, training these models from scratch requires substantial computational resources and vast amounts of text data. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Wenzhen Zheng , Wenbo Pan , Xu Xu , Libo Qin , Li Yue , Ming Zhou

Flow Matching has recently gained attention in generative modeling as a simple and flexible alternative to diffusion models. While existing statistical guarantees adapt tools from the analysis of diffusion models, we take a different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-18 Lea Kunkel , Mathias Trabs

Conformal prediction provides a distribution-free framework for uncertainty quantification via prediction sets with exact finite-sample coverage. In low dimensions these sets are easy to interpret, but in high-dimensional or structured…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-08 Trevor Harris

Diffusion models form an important class of generative models today, accounting for much of the state of the art in cutting edge AI research. While numerous extensions beyond image and video generation exist, few of such approaches address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Hao Luan , See-Kiong Ng , Chun Kai Ling

Diffusion models, and their generalization, flow matching, have had a remarkable impact on the field of media generation. Here, the conventional approach is to learn the complex mapping from a simple source distribution of Gaussian noise to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Qihao Liu , Xi Yin , Alan Yuille , Andrew Brown , Mannat Singh

Flow-based generative models have recently shown impressive performance for conditional generation tasks, such as text-to-image generation. However, current methods transform a general unimodal noise distribution to a specific mode of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Noam Issachar , Mohammad Salama , Raanan Fattal , Sagie Benaim

Normalizing flows are a powerful class of generative models for continuous random variables, showing both strong model flexibility and the potential for non-autoregressive generation. These benefits are also desired when modeling discrete…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-06 Zachary M. Ziegler , Alexander M. Rush

Deep generative models provide state-of-the-art performance across a wide array of applications, with recent studies showing increasing applicability for science and engineering. Despite a growing corpus of literature focused on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jacob K. Christopher , James E. Warner , Ferdinando Fioretto

Flow-based generative models have highly desirable properties like exact log-likelihood evaluation and exact latent-variable inference, however they are still in their infancy and have not received as much attention as alternative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-06 Albert Pumarola , Stefan Popov , Francesc Moreno-Noguer , Vittorio Ferrari

Diffusion models approximate the denoising distribution as a Gaussian and predict its mean, whereas flow matching models reparameterize the Gaussian mean as flow velocity. However, they underperform in few-step sampling due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Hansheng Chen , Kai Zhang , Hao Tan , Zexiang Xu , Fujun Luan , Leonidas Guibas , Gordon Wetzstein , Sai Bi

While normalizing flows have led to significant advances in modeling high-dimensional continuous distributions, their applicability to discrete distributions remains unknown. In this paper, we show that flows can in fact be extended to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Dustin Tran , Keyon Vafa , Kumar Krishna Agrawal , Laurent Dinh , Ben Poole

Continual learning (CL) for Foundation Models (FMs) is an essential yet underexplored challenge, especially in Federated Continual Learning (FCL), where each client learns from a private, evolving task stream under strict data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Hao Yu , Xin Yang , Boyang Fan , Xuemei Cao , Hanlin Gu , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

Flow-matching models provide a powerful framework for various applications, offering efficient sampling and flexible probability path modeling. These models are characterized by flows with low curvature in learned generative trajectories,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Zibin Wang , Zhiyuan Ouyang , Xiangyun Zhang

Normalizing flows model a complex target distribution in terms of a bijective transform operating on a simple base distribution. As such, they enable tractable computation of a number of important statistical quantities, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Chandramouli Shama Sastry , Andreas Lehrmann , Marcus Brubaker , Alexander Radovic

Flow-based generative models, including diffusion models, excel at modeling continuous distributions in high-dimensional spaces. In this work, we introduce Flow Policy Optimization (FPO), a simple on-policy reinforcement learning algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 David McAllister , Songwei Ge , Brent Yi , Chung Min Kim , Ethan Weber , Hongsuk Choi , Haiwen Feng , Angjoo Kanazawa