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Designing novel protein sequences for a desired 3D topological fold is a fundamental yet non-trivial task in protein engineering. Challenges exist due to the complex sequence--fold relationship, as well as the difficulties to capture the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Yue Cao , Payel Das , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Pin-Yu Chen , Igor Melnyk , Yang Shen

We introduce RNA-FrameFlow, the first generative model for 3D RNA backbone design. We build upon SE(3) flow matching for protein backbone generation and establish protocols for data preparation and evaluation to address unique challenges…

Rising costs in recent years of developing new drugs and treatments have led to extensive research in optimization techniques in biomolecular design. Currently, the most widely used approach in biomolecular design is directed evolution,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Alexander Whatley , Zhekun Luo , Xiangru Tang

Motivation: RNA thermometers (RNATs) are cis-regulatory ele- ments that change secondary structure upon temperature shift. Often involved in the regulation of heat shock, cold shock and virulence genes, RNATs constitute an interesting…

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a capable and intuitive structure for the fundamental sequential decision-making problem. Despite impressive breakthroughs, it can still be difficult to employ RL in practice in many simple applications.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Aida Afshar , Wenchao Li

In this work, we consider the Combinatorial RNA Design problem, a minimal instance of the RNA design problem which aims at finding a sequence that admits a given target as its unique base pair maximizing structure. We provide complete…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-22 Jozef Haleš , Ján Maňuch , Yann Ponty , Ladislav Stacho

Background: RNA exhibits a variety of structural configurations. Here we consider a structure to be tantamount to the noncrossing Watson-Crick and \pairGU-base pairings (secondary structure) and additional cross-serial base pairs. These…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-12 James Z. M. Gao , Linda Y. M. Li , Christian M. Reidys

RNA molecules are essential cellular machines performing a wide variety of functions for which a specific three-dimensional structure is required. Over the last several years, experimental determination of RNA structures through X-ray…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-11 Tristan Cragnolini , Philippe Derreumaux , Samuela Pasquali

Adversarial examples are important to test and enhance the robustness of deep code models. As source code is discrete and has to strictly stick to complex grammar and semantics constraints, the adversarial example generation techniques in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Zhao Tian , Junjie Chen , Zhi Jin

Designing therapeutic messenger RNA (mRNA) requires creating full-length transcripts that carefully balance stability, translation efficiency, and immune safety. To address this challenge, we propose ProMORNA, a multi-objective generation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zixi Shao , Tao Wang , Yibei Xiao , Tianyi Huang

The rational design of molecules with desired properties is a long-standing challenge in chemistry. Generative neural networks have emerged as a powerful approach to sample novel molecules from a learned distribution. Here, we propose a…

Background: RNA exhibits a variety of structural configurations. Here we consider a structure to be tantamount to the noncrossing Watson-Crick and \pairGU-base pairings (secondary structure) and additional cross-serial base pairs. These…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-11 James Z. M. Gao , Linda Y. M. Li , Christian M. Reidys

Computational prediction of RNA structures is an important problem in computational structural biology. Studies of RNA structure formation often assume that the process starts from a fully synthesized sequence. Experimental evidence,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-04-28 Vo Hong Thanh , Dani Korpela , Pekka Orponen

Antibody design methods condition on antigen structure to generate complementarity-determining regions (CDR), yet a systematic evaluation of baseline methods reveals that they largely ignore the antigen input. We identify three failure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Mansoor Ahmed , Murray Patterson

Is there a unified model for generating molecules considering different conditions, such as binding pockets and chemical properties? Although target-aware generative models have made significant advances in drug design, they do not consider…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Zhangyang Gao , Yuqi Hu , Cheng Tan , Stan Z. Li

The accurate prediction of protein-RNA binding affinity remains an unsolved problem in structural biology, limiting opportunities in understanding gene regulation and designing RNA-targeting therapeutics. A central obstacle is the…

The Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) inverse folding problem, designing nucleotide sequences that fold into specific tertiary structures, is a fundamental computational biology problem with important applications in synthetic biology and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-01 Mehyar Mlaweh , Tristan Cazenave , Ines Alaya

Non-coding RNA structure and function are essential to understanding various biological processes, such as cell signaling, gene expression, and post-transcriptional regulations. These are all among the core problems in the RNA field. With…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-08-09 Jiayang Chen , Zhihang Hu , Siqi Sun , Qingxiong Tan , Yixuan Wang , Qinze Yu , Licheng Zong , Liang Hong , Jin Xiao , Tao Shen , Irwin King , Yu Li

Natural language (NL) to code suggestion systems assist developers in Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) by translating NL utterances into compilable code snippet. The current approaches mainly involve hard-coded, rule-based systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Mitodru Niyogi

Accurate prediction of RNA properties, such as stability and interactions, is crucial for advancing our understanding of biological processes and developing RNA-based therapeutics. RNA structures can be represented as 1D sequences, 2D…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-22 Junjie Xu , Artem Moskalev , Tommaso Mansi , Mangal Prakash , Rui Liao