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Long-tailed semi-supervised learning poses a significant challenge in training models with limited labeled data exhibiting a long-tailed label distribution. Current state-of-the-art LTSSL approaches heavily rely on high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Zi-Hao Zhou , Siyuan Fang , Zi-Jing Zhou , Tong Wei , Yuanyu Wan , Min-Ling Zhang

Causal representation learning (CRL) offers the promise of uncovering the underlying causal model by which observed data was generated, but the practical applicability of existing methods remains limited by the strong assumptions required…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yuhang Liu , Zhen Zhang , Dong Gong , Erdun Gao , Biwei Huang , Mingming Gong , Anton van den Hengel , Kun Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Complementary-Label Learning (CLL) is a weakly-supervised learning problem that aims to learn a multi-class classifier from only complementary labels, which indicate a class to which an instance does not belong. Existing approaches mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Wei-I Lin , Hsuan-Tien Lin

Conventional representation learning methods learn a universal representation that primarily captures dominant semantics, which may not always align with customized downstream tasks. For instance, in animal habitat analysis, researchers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Honglin Liu , Chao Sun , Peng Hu , Yunfan Li , Xi Peng

Text classification is a crucial and fundamental task in web content mining. Compared with the previous learning paradigm of pre-training and fine-tuning by cross entropy loss, the recently proposed supervised contrastive learning approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Mengyu Li , Yonghao Liu , Fausto Giunchiglia , Ximing Li , Xiaoyue Feng , Renchu Guan

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

Reinforcement learning (RL) presents a promising framework to learn policies through environment interaction, but often requires an infeasible amount of interaction data to solve complex tasks from sparse rewards. One direction includes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Stone Tao , Arth Shukla , Tse-kai Chan , Hao Su

Autonomous driving in urban crowds at unregulated intersections is challenging, where dynamic occlusions and uncertain behaviors of other vehicles should be carefully considered. Traditional methods are heuristic and based on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Peide Cai , Sukai Wang , Hengli Wang , Ming Liu

Real-world data usually suffers from severe class imbalance and long-tailed distributions, where minority classes are significantly underrepresented compared to the majority ones. Recent research prefers to utilize multi-expert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Zhengzhuo Xu , Zenghao Chai , Chengyin Xu , Chun Yuan , Haiqin Yang

Model learning from class imbalanced training data is a long-standing and significant challenge for machine learning. In particular, existing deep learning methods consider mostly either class balanced data or moderately imbalanced data in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-01 Qi Dong , Shaogang Gong , Xiatian Zhu

Skin image datasets often suffer from imbalanced data distribution, exacerbating the difficulty of computer-aided skin disease diagnosis. Some recent works exploit supervised contrastive learning (SCL) for this long-tailed challenge.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Yilan Zhang , Jianqi Chen , Ke Wang , Fengying Xie

We consider the problem of learning a control policy that is robust against the parameter mismatches between the training environment and testing environment. We formulate this as a distributionally robust reinforcement learning (DR-RL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Zaiyan Xu , Kishan Panaganti , Dileep Kalathil

Causal representation learning (CRL) and traditional representation learning have largely developed along different trajectories. Traditional representation learning has been driven mainly by applications and empirical objectives, whereas…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yan Li , Yuewen Sun , Shaoan Xie , Gongxu Luo , Yunlong Deng , Kun Zhang , Guangyi Chen

Predictive models trained on observational data often fail to generalise to the distributions they encounter when deployed, especially when the training data is a product of the system being optimised. Recommender systems are a canonical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-27 Yorgos Felekis , Michael O'Riordan , Oriol Corcoll , Ciarán M. Gilligan-Lee

We study a variant of Collaborative PAC Learning, in which we aim to learn an accurate classifier for each of the $n$ data distributions, while minimizing the number of samples drawn from them in total. Unlike in the usual collaborative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Yuyang Deng , Mingda Qiao

Continuous unsupervised representation learning (CURL) research has greatly benefited from improvements in self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques. As a result, existing CURL methods using SSL can learn high-quality representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Alex Gomez-Villa , Bartlomiej Twardowski , Kai Wang , Joost van de Weijer

Online reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are often difficult to deploy in complex human-facing applications as they may learn slowly and have poor early performance. To address this, we introduce a practical algorithm for incorporating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Tong Mu , Georgios Theocharous , David Arbour , Emma Brunskill

Offline reinforcement learning (offline RL) considers problems where learning is performed using only previously collected samples and is helpful for the settings in which collecting new data is costly or risky. In model-based offline RL,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Mustafa O. Karabag , Ufuk Topcu

Label Proportion Learning (LLP) addresses the classification problem where multiple instances are grouped into bags and each bag contains information about the proportion of each class. However, in practical applications, obtaining precise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jiahe Qin , Junpeng Li , Changchun Hua , Yana Yang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) problems are being considered under increasingly more complex structures. While tabular and linear models have been thoroughly explored, the analytical study of RL under nonlinear function approximation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Aya Kayal , Sattar Vakili , Laura Toni , Alberto Bernacchia