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R1-style Reinforcement Learning (RL) significantly enhances Large Language Models' reasoning capabilities, yet the mechanism behind rule-based RL remains unclear. We found that small-scale SFT has substantial influence on RL but shows poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Yutong Chen , Jiandong Gao , Ji Wu

Large language model (LLM) agents deployed for multi-step tasks frequently fail in predictable ways: attempting actions with unmet preconditions, issuing redundant commands, or mishandling environment constraints. While retrieval-augmented…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Humaid Ibrahim , Nikolai Rozanov , Marek Rei

Open-source native GUI agents still lag behind closed-source systems on long-horizon navigation tasks. This gap stems from two limitations: a shortage of high-quality, action-aligned reasoning data, and the direct adoption of generic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Rui Yang , Qianhui Wu , Zhaoyang Wang , Hanyang Chen , Ke Yang , Hao Cheng , Huaxiu Yao , Baolin Peng , Huan Zhang , Jianfeng Gao , Tong Zhang

Training diffusion models on limited datasets poses challenges in terms of limited generation capacity and expressiveness, leading to unsatisfactory results in various downstream tasks utilizing pretrained diffusion models, such as domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Jiwan Hur , Jaehyun Choi , Gyojin Han , Dong-Jae Lee , Junmo Kim

Recently, there has been a surge of vision-based GUI agents designed to automate everyday mobile and web tasks. These agents interpret raw GUI screenshots and autonomously decide where to click, scroll, or type, which bypasses handcrafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yucheng Shi , Wenhao Yu , Zaitang Li , Yonglin Wang , Hongming Zhang , Ninghao Liu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Many existing studies have achieved significant improvements in the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) through reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), while the enhancement of reasoning abilities in small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zhong Guan , Likang Wu , Hongke Zhao , Jiahui Wang , Le Wu

Distillation addresses the slow sampling problem in diffusion models by creating models with smaller size or fewer steps that approximate the behavior of high-step teachers. In this work, we propose a reinforcement learning based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Amirhossein Tighkhorshid , Zahra Dehghanian , Gholamali Aminian , Chengchun Shi , Hamid R. Rabiee

Vision-language model (VLM) based GUI agents show promise for automating complex desktop and mobile tasks, but face significant challenges in applying reinforcement learning (RL): (1) slow multi-turn interactions with GUI environments for…

With the rapid development of Large Vision Language Models, the focus of Graphical User Interface (GUI) agent tasks shifts from single-screen tasks to complex screen navigation challenges. However, real-world GUI environments, such as PC…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Haolong Yan , Yeqing Shen , Xin Huang , Jia Wang , Kaijun Tan , Zhixuan Liang , Hongxin Li , Zheng Ge , Osamu Yoshie , Si Li , Xiangyu Zhang , Daxin Jiang

GUI agents powered by vision-language models (VLMs) show promise in automating complex digital tasks. However, their effectiveness in real-world applications is often limited by scarce training data and the inherent complexity of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ran Xu , Kaixin Ma , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Joyce C. Ho , Carl Yang , Dong Yu

Policies for complex visual tasks have been successfully learned with deep reinforcement learning, using an approach called deep Q-networks (DQN), but relatively large (task-specific) networks and extensive training are needed to achieve…

Recent research highlights the potential of multimodal foundation models in tackling complex decision-making challenges. However, their large parameters make real-world deployment resource-intensive and often impractical for constrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Donghoon Lee , Tung M. Luu , Younghwan Lee , Chang D. Yoo

With growing interest in deploying text-to-video (T2V) models in resource-constrained environments, reducing their high computational cost has become crucial, leading to extensive research on pruning and knowledge distillation methods while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jisoo Kim , Wooseok Seo , Junwan Kim , Seungho Park , Sooyeon Park , Youngjae Yu

This study proposes a knowledge distillation algorithm based on large language models and feature alignment, aiming to effectively transfer the knowledge of large pre-trained models into lightweight student models, thereby reducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Shuo Wang , Chihang Wang , Jia Gao , Zhen Qi , Hongye Zheng , Xiaoxuan Liao

Developing autonomous agents that effectively interact with Graphic User Interfaces (GUIs) remains a challenging open problem, especially for small on-device models. In this paper, we present Ferret-UI Lite, a compact, end-to-end GUI agent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zhen Yang , Zi-Yi Dou , Di Feng , Forrest Huang , Anh Nguyen , Keen You , Omar Attia , Yuhao Yang , Michael Feng , Haotian Zhang , Ram Ramrakhya , Chao Jia , Jeffrey Nichols , Alexander Toshev , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to long-context tasks requires post-training methods that remain accurate and coherent over thousands of tokens. Existing approaches are limited in several ways: 1) off-policy methods such as supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Miguel Moura Ramos , Duarte M. Alves , André F. T. Martins

Real-time video generation via diffusion is essential for building general-purpose multimodal interactive AI systems. However, the simultaneous denoising of all video frames with bidirectional attention via an iterative process in diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ethan Chern , Zhulin Hu , Bohao Tang , Jiadi Su , Steffi Chern , Zhijie Deng , Pengfei Liu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have emerged as a promising paradigm for intelligent systems that perceive and interact with graphical interfaces visually. Yet supervised fine-tuning alone cannot handle long-horizon credit assignment,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Junan Hu , Jian Liu , Jingxiang Lai , Jiarui Hu , Yiwei Sheng , Shuang Chen , Jian Li , Dazhao Du , Song Guo

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong capabilities as decision-making agents by interleaving reasoning and actions, as seen in ReAct-style frameworks. Yet, their practical deployment is constrained by high inference costs and large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jun Liu , Zhenglun Kong , Peiyan Dong , Changdi Yang , Tianqi Li , Hao Tang , Geng Yuan , Wei Niu , Wenbin Zhang , Pu Zhao , Xue Lin , Dong Huang , Yanzhi Wang

Although pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models exhibit impressive generalization in robotic manipulation, post-training remains crucial to ensure reliable performance during deployment. However, standard offline Supervised…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Zhide Zhong , Haodong Yan , Junfeng Li , Junjie He , Tianran Zhang , Haoang Li