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The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) is at the core of many scenarios that aim to combine the power of quantum computers and classical high-performance computing appliances for combinatorial optimisation. Several obstacles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Simon Thelen , Hila Safi , Wolfgang Mauerer

Combinatorial optimization problems have wide-ranging applications in industry and academia. Quantum computers may help solve them by sampling from carefully prepared Ansatz quantum circuits. However, current quantum computers are limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Sabina Drăgoi , Alberto Baiardi , Daniel J. Egger

In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, quantum error mitigation (QEM) is essential for producing reliable outputs from quantum circuits. We present a statistical signal processing approach to QEM that estimates the most likely…

Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a highly advocated variational algorithm for solving the combinatorial optimization problem. One critical feature in the quantum circuit of QAOA algorithm is that it consists of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Yuwei Jin , Jason Luo , Lucent Fong , Yanhao Chen , Ari B. Hayes , Chi Zhang , Fei Hua , Eddy Z. Zhang

The effectiveness of quantum illumination (QI) of a lossy target is investigated in a realistic setting in which the signal sequentially interacts with a noisy environment and the target. The target is considered at a temperature distinct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Shilpi Srivastava , Shubhrangshu Dasgupta

The task of Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) is a constrained combinatorial optimization problem that is generally considered a complex computational problem. In this paper, we first present a binary encoding of MSA and devise a…

As the size of quantum devices continues to grow, the development of scalable methods to characterise and diagnose noise is becoming an increasingly important problem. Recent methods have shown how to efficiently estimate Hamiltonians in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-18 Tim J. Evans , Robin Harper , Steven T. Flammia

The optimization of the power consumption of antenna networks is a problem with a potential impact in the field of telecommunications. In this work, we investigate the application of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Matteo Vandelli , Alessandra Lignarolo , Carlo Cavazzoni , Daniele Dragoni

We study the correlation clustering problem using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) and qudits, which constitute a natural platform for such non-binary problems. Specifically, we consider a neutral atom quantum computer…

Quantum Boltzmann machines (QBMs) are generative models with potential advantages in quantum machine learning, yet their training is fundamentally limited by the barren plateau problem, where gradients vanish exponentially with system size.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Takeshi Kimura , Kohtaro Kato , Masahito Hayashi

The performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices is strongly limited by sparse qubit connectivity. When interactions required by QAOA Hamiltonians are not aligned to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Thiago Assis , Pedro Baptista , Laila Lopes , Diego Ferreira , Gabriel Coutinho

In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, one of the key questions is how to deal with the high noise level existing in physical quantum bits (qubits). Quantum error correction is promising but requires an extensive number (e.g.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Zhiding Liang , Zhepeng Wang , Junhuan Yang , Lei Yang , Jinjun Xiong , Yiyu Shi , Weiwen Jiang

Quantum variational algorithms have garnered significant interest recently, due to their feasibility of being implemented and tested on noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) devices. We examine the robustness of the quantum approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-05 Yulong Dong , Xiang Meng , Lin Lin , Robert Kosut , K. Birgitta Whaley

Phase estimation is known to be a robust method for single-qubit gate calibration in quantum computers, while Bayesian estimation is widely used in devising optimal methods for learning in quantum systems. We present Bayesian phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Brennan de Neeve , Andrey V. Lebedev , Vlad Negnevitsky , Jonathan P. Home

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is an appealing proposal to solve NP problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware. Making NISQ implementations of the QAOA resilient to noise requires short ansatz…

Simulating real-time dynamics under a Hamiltonian is a central goal of quantum information science. While numerous Hamiltonian-simulation quantum algorithms have been proposed, the effects of physical noise have rarely been incorporated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Keisuke Murota , Synge Todo , Suguru Endo

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) and quantum annealing are two of the most popular quantum optimization heuristics. While QAOA is known to be able to approximate quantum annealing, the approximation requires QAOA angles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Sami Boulebnane , James Sud , Ruslan Shaydulin , Marco Pistoia

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has attracted much attention as an algorithm that has the potential to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems. Among them, a fermionic QAOA (FQAOA) for solving constrained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Takuya Yoshioka , Keita Sasada , Yuichiro Nakano , Keisuke Fujii

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that seeks to achieve approximate solutions to optimization problems by iteratively alternating between intervals of controlled quantum evolution.…

Many quantum algorithms seek to output a specific bitstring solving the problem of interest--or a few if the solution is degenerate. It is the case for the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) in the limit of large circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Maxime Dupont , Nicolas Didier , Mark J. Hodson , Joel E. Moore , Matthew J. Reagor