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We study the phenomenon of \textit{in-context learning} (ICL) exhibited by large language models, where they can adapt to a new learning task, given a handful of labeled examples, without any explicit parameter optimization. Our goal is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jacob Abernethy , Alekh Agarwal , Teodor V. Marinov , Manfred K. Warmuth

We propose an application of online hard sample mining for efficient training of Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF). NeRF models produce state-of-the-art quality for many 3D reconstruction and rendering tasks but require substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Juuso Korhonen , Goutham Rangu , Hamed R. Tavakoli , Juho Kannala

Despite recent advances, the remaining bottlenecks in deep generative models are necessity of extensive training and difficulties with generalization from small number of training examples. We develop a new generative model called…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-06 Sergey Bartunov , Dmitry P. Vetrov

In-context learning (ICL) enables large language models (LLMs) to adapt to new tasks during inference using only a few demonstrations. However, ICL performance is highly dependent on the selection of these demonstrations. Recent work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zheng Zhang , Shaocheng Lan , Lei Song , Jiang Bian , Yexin Li , Kan Ren

Recent studies indicate that leveraging off-the-shelf or fine-tuned retrievers, capable of retrieving relevant in-context examples tailored to the input query, enhances few-shot in-context learning of English. However, adapting these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Peiqin Lin , André F. T. Martins , Hinrich Schütze

In this paper, we propose a stochastic search algorithm for solving general optimization problems with little structure. The algorithm iteratively finds high quality solutions by randomly sampling candidate solutions from a parameterized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-01-08 Enlu Zhou , Jiaqiao Hu

Current pre-trained vision-language models, such as CLIP, have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities across various downstream tasks. However, their performance significantly degrades when test inputs exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Junhui Yin , Xinyu Zhang , Lin Wu , Xiaojie Wang

Adaptive learning is necessary for non-stationary environments where the learning machine needs to forget past data distribution. Efficient algorithms require a compact model update to not grow in computational burden with the incoming data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Vanessa Gómez-Verdejo , Emilio Parrado-Hernández , Manel Martínez-Ramón

Instance-level alignment is widely exploited for person re-identification, e.g. spatial alignment, latent semantic alignment and triplet alignment. This paper probes another feature alignment modality, namely cluster-level feature alignment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Qiuyu Chen , Wei Zhang , Jianping Fan

In-Context Learning (ICL) has gained prominence due to its ability to perform tasks without requiring extensive training data and its robustness to noisy labels. A typical ICL workflow involves selecting localized examples relevant to a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Janak Kapuriya , Manit Kaushik , Debasis Ganguly , Sumit Bhatia

This paper introduces an algorithm to select demonstration examples for in-context learning of a query set. Given a set of $n$ examples, how can we quickly select $k$ out of $n$ to best serve as the conditioning for downstream inference?…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Ziniu Zhang , Zhenshuo Zhang , Dongyue Li , Lu Wang , Jennifer Dy , Hongyang R. Zhang

Paraphrase generation is a longstanding NLP task and achieves great success with the aid of large corpora. However, transferring a paraphrasing model to another domain encounters the problem of domain shifting especially when the data is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Zhigen Li , Yanmeng Wang , Rizhao Fan , Ye Wang , Jianfeng Li , Shaojun Wang

The in-context learning ability of large language models (LLMs) enables them to generalize to novel downstream tasks with relatively few labeled examples. However, they require enormous computational resources to be deployed. Alternatively,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Jean Kaddour , Qi Liu

The goal of this paper is to provide a method, which is able to find categories of traffic scenarios automatically. The architecture consists of three main components: A microscopic traffic simulation, a clustering technique and a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-08 Friedrich Kruber , Jonas Wurst , Eduardo Sánchez Morales , Samarjit Chakraborty , Michael Botsch

Graph few-shot learning, which aims to classify nodes from novel classes with only a few labeled examples, is a widely studied problem in graph learning. However, existing methods often face two key limitations. First, the predominant graph…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Renchu Guan , Yajun Wang , Chunli Guo , Bowen Cao , Fausto Giunchiglia , Wei Pang , Yonghao Liu , Xiaoyue Feng

The high cost of obtaining high-quality annotated data for in-context learning (ICL) has motivated the development of methods that use self-generated annotations in place of ground-truth labels. While these approaches have shown promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Zhengyao Gu , Henry Peng Zou , Yankai Chen , Aiwei Liu , Weizhi Zhang , Philip S. Yu

We develop a new framework for learning variational autoencoders and other deep generative models that balances generative and discriminative goals. Our framework optimizes model parameters to maximize a variational lower bound on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Gabriel Hope , Madina Abdrakhmanova , Xiaoyin Chen , Michael C. Hughes , Michael C. Hughes , Erik B. Sudderth

We propose CAPGrasp, an $\mathbb{R}^3\times \text{SO(2)-equivariant}$ 6-DoF continuous approach-constrained generative grasp sampler. It includes a novel learning strategy for training CAPGrasp that eliminates the need to curate massive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Zehang Weng , Haofei Lu , Jens Lundell , Danica Kragic

In-context learning is the paradigm that adapts large language models to downstream tasks by providing a few examples. Few-shot selection -- selecting appropriate examples for each test instance separately -- is important for in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Shengnan An , Bo Zhou , Zeqi Lin , Qiang Fu , Bei Chen , Nanning Zheng , Weizhu Chen , Jian-Guang Lou

Image recognition has recently witnessed a paradigm shift, where vision-language models are now used to perform few-shot classification based on textual prompts. Among these, the CLIP model has shown remarkable capabilities for zero-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Lorenzo Agnolucci , Alberto Baldrati , Francesco Todino , Federico Becattini , Marco Bertini , Alberto Del Bimbo
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