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Video generation models produce visually coherent content but struggle with tasks requiring spatial reasoning and multi-step planning. Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a path to improve generalization, but its effectiveness in video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Ming Liu , Yunbei Zhang , Shilong Liu , Liwen Wang , Wensheng Zhang

Reinforcement fine-tuning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for equipping large vision-language models (LVLMs) with agentic capabilities such as tool use and multi-step reasoning. Despite striking empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Carter Adams , Rafael Oliveira , Gabriel Almeida , Sofia Torres

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has markedly enhanced the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). Its success, however, largely depends on strong base models with rich world knowledge, yielding only modest…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yongxin Guo , Wenbo Deng , Zhenglin Cheng , Xiaoying Tang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have become powerful general-purpose assistants, yet their predictions often lack reliability and interpretability due to insufficient grounding in visual evidence. The emerging thinking-with-images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Meng Cao , Haoze Zhao , Can Zhang , Xiaojun Chang , Ian Reid , Xiaodan Liang

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has recently enhanced the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), particularly for mathematical problem solving. However, a fundamental limitation remains: as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Wenhao Deng , Long Wei , Chenglei Yu , Tailin Wu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has proven to be an effective post-training strategy for enhancing reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs). Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a recent prominent method that encourages models to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jiaqi Wang , Kevin Qinghong Lin , James Cheng , Mike Zheng Shou

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a standard approach for large language models (LLMs) post-training to incentivize reasoning capacity. Among existing recipes, group-based policy gradient is prevalent, which…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently shown strong performance in visual understanding, yet they often lack temporal awareness, particularly in egocentric settings where reasoning depends on the correct ordering and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhiyang Xu , Tian Qin , Bowen Jin , Zhengfeng Lai , Meng Cao , Lifu Huang , Peng Zhang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a key approach for improving the reasoning abilities of large language models. However, widely used critic-free algorithms such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chaoli Mou , Zhan Zhuang , Xinning Chen , Yu Zhang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced the reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs), enabling autonomous agents that can conduct effective multi-turn and tool-integrated reasoning. While instructions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in solving complex mathematical problems, yet they still fall short of producing accurate and consistent solutions. Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a framework for aligning these models with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ali Hatamizadeh , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Igor Gitman , Ximing Lu , Seungju Han , Wei Ping , Yejin Choi , Jan Kautz

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a powerful tool for post-training visual generative models, with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) increasingly used to align generators with human preferences. However, existing GRPO pipelines…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ziqi Ni , Yuanzhi Liang , Rui Li , Yi Zhou , Haibin Huang , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

We argue that decomposing reward into weighted, verifiable criteria and using an LLM judge to score them provides a partial-credit optimization signal: instead of a binary outcome or a single holistic score, each response is graded along…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Manish Bhattarai , Ismael Boureima , Nishath Rajiv Ranasinghe , Scott Pakin , Dan O'Malley

Vision--language models (VLMs) are increasingly aligned via Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO)-style training. However, relying solely on terminal outcome rewards yields sparse credit assignment in multi-step reasoning, weakening the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Feiding , Yongkang Zhang , Yuhao Liao , Zijian Zeng , Chunzheng Zhu , Yaozong Zheng , Yafei Liu , Yeling Peng , Youwei Wang , Sibo Wang , Huiming Yang , Linglin Liao , Shunzhi Yang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a pivotal technique for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the de facto practice of mainstream RL algorithms is to treat all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xincheng Yao , Ruoqi Li , Cheng Chen , Daoxin Zhang , Yi Wu , Yao Hu , Chongyang Zhang

We introduce V-tableR1, a process-supervised reinforcement learning framework that elicits rigorous, verifiable reasoning from multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Current MLLMs trained solely on final outcomes often treat visual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yubo Jiang , Yitong An , Xin Yang , Abudukelimu Wuerkaixi , Xuxin Cheng , Fengying Xie , Zhiguo Jiang , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Haopeng Zhang

Existing reinforcement learning approaches for Large Language Models typically perform policy optimization at the granularity of individual tokens or entire response sequences. However, such formulations often misalign with the natural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Lei Gao , Zhuoming Li , Mengxi Jia , Jiakang Yuan , Hongbo Sun , Hao Sun , Xuelong Li

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) demonstrates significant potential in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing RLVR methods are often constrained by issues such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jinpeng Wang , Chao Li , Ting Ye , Mengyuan Zhang , Wei Liu , Jian Luan

Enhancing the multimodal reasoning capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is a challenging task that has attracted increasing attention in the community. Recently, several studies have applied Reinforcement Learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Tong Xiao , Xin Xu , Zhenya Huang , Hongyu Gao , Quan Liu , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven effective in strengthening the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). A widely adopted method, Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), has shown strong empirical results in training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Peter Chen , Xiaopeng Li , Ziniu Li , Xi Chen , Tianyi Lin