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In Hopfield-type associative memory models, memories are stored in the connectivity matrix and can be retrieved subsequently thanks to the collective dynamics of the network. In these models, the retrieval of a particular memory can be…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-21 Marco Benedetti , Nicolas Brunel , Enzo Marinari , Ulises Pereira Obilinovic

Asymptotic synchronization is one of the essential differences between artificial neural networks and biologically inspired neural networks due to mismatches from dynamical update of weight parameters and heterogeneous activations. In this…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Yuncheng You

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been widely used in natural language processing and computer vision. Among them, the Hierarchical Multi-scale RNN (HM-RNN), a kind of multi-scale hierarchical RNN proposed recently, can learn the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Shiyang Yan , Jeremy S. Smith , Wenjin Lu , Bailing Zhang

The brain can reproduce memories from partial data; this ability is critical for memory recall. The process of memory recall has been studied using auto-associative networks such as the Hopfield model. This kind of model reliably converges…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-05-18 James P. Roach , Leonard M Sander , Michal R. Zochowski

Neuromorphic architectures, which incorporate parallel and in-memory processing, are crucial for accelerating artificial neural network (ANN) computations. This work presents a novel memristor-based multi-layer neural network (memristive…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Santlal Prajapat , Manobendra Nath Mondal , Susmita Sur-Kolay

Krotov and Hopfield (2021) proposed a biologically plausible two-layer associative memory network with memory storage capacity exponential in the number of visible neurons. However, the capacity was only linear in the number of hidden…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-11 Mohadeseh Shafiei Kafraj , Dmitry Krotov , Peter E. Latham

Reasoning is the ability to integrate internal states and external inputs in a meaningful and semantically consistent flow. Contemporary machine learning (ML) systems increasingly rely on such sequential reasoning, from language…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Simone Betteti , Giacomo Baggio , Sandro Zampieri

Hopfield networks and Boltzmann machines (BMs) are fundamental energy-based neural network models. Recent studies on modern Hopfield networks have broaden the class of energy functions and led to a unified perspective on general Hopfield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Toshihiro Ota , Ryo Karakida

The demand for accurate on-device pattern recognition in edge applications is intensifying, yet existing approaches struggle to reconcile accuracy with computational constraints. To address this challenge, a resource-aware hierarchical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Boyu Li , Kuangji Zuo , Lincong Li , Yonghui Wu

Associative memories in the brain receive and store patterns of activity registered by the sensory neurons, and are able to retrieve them when necessary. Due to their importance in human intelligence, computational models of associative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Tommaso Salvatori , Yuhang Song , Yujian Hong , Simon Frieder , Lei Sha , Zhenghua Xu , Rafal Bogacz , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Understanding the human brain is the biggest challenge for scientists in the twenty-first century. The Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) model is one of the most successful mathematical models for bio-realistic simulations of the brain. However, the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Byungik Ahn

Traditional neural networks require enormous amounts of data to build their complex mappings during a slow training procedure that hinders their abilities for relearning and adapting to new data. Memory-augmented neural networks enhance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Geethan Karunaratne , Manuel Schmuck , Manuel Le Gallo , Giovanni Cherubini , Luca Benini , Abu Sebastian , Abbas Rahimi

Despite explosive expansion of artificial intelligence based on artificial neural networks (ANNs), these are employed as "black boxes'', as it is unclear how, during learning, they form memories or develop unwanted features, including…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Adam E. Essex , Natalia B. Janson , Rachel A. Norris , Alexander G. Balanov

Deep 'Analog Artificial Neural Networks' (ANNs) perform complex classification problems with remarkably high accuracy. However, they rely on humongous amount of power to perform the calculations, veiling the accuracy benefits. The…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Parami Wijesinghe , Aayush Ankit , Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

In recent years, memory-augmented neural networks(MANNs) have shown promising power to enhance the memory ability of neural networks for sequential processing tasks. However, previous MANNs suffer from complex memory addressing mechanism,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Zhangheng Li , Jia-Xing Zhong , Jingjia Huang , Tao Zhang , Thomas Li , Ge Li

Quantum neural networks form one pillar of the emergent field of quantum machine learning. Here, quantum generalisations of classical networks realizing associative memories - capable of retrieving patterns, or memories, from corrupted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Lukas Bödeker , Eliana Fiorelli , Markus Müller

Drug repositioning is designed to discover new uses of known drugs, which is an important and efficient method of drug discovery. Researchers only use one certain type of Collaborative Filtering (CF) models for drug repositioning currently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Jieyue He , Xinxing Yang , Zhuo Gong , lbrahim Zamit

The exponential rise in data generation has led to vast, heterogeneous datasets crucial for predictive analytics and decision-making. Ensuring data quality and semantic integrity remains a challenge. This paper presents a brain-inspired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Ashwin Viswanathan Kannan , Johnson P Thomas , Abhimanyu Mukerji

Deploying continual object detection on microcontrollers (MCUs) with under 100KB memory requires efficient feature compression that can adapt to evolving task distributions. Existing approaches rely on fixed compression strategies (e.g.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Bibin Wilson

The proliferation of machine learning services in the last few years has raised data privacy concerns. Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables inference using encrypted data but it incurs 100x-10,000x memory and runtime overheads. Secure deep…

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