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Diffusion models benefit from instillation of task-specific information into the score function to steer the sample generation towards desired properties. Such information is coined as guidance. For example, in text-to-image synthesis, text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yuchen Wu , Minshuo Chen , Zihao Li , Mengdi Wang , Yuting Wei

Diffusion models have emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling, with guidance techniques playing a crucial role in enhancing sample quality. Despite their empirical success, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-05 Gen Li , Yuchen Jiao

The use of guidance in diffusion models was originally motivated by the premise that the guidance-modified score is that of the data distribution tilted by a conditional likelihood raised to some power. In this work we clarify this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Muthu Chidambaram , Khashayar Gatmiry , Sitan Chen , Holden Lee , Jianfeng Lu

Diffusion models for continuous data gained widespread adoption owing to their high quality generation and control mechanisms. However, controllable diffusion on discrete data faces challenges given that continuous guidance methods do not…

Guidance serves as a key concept in diffusion models, yet its effectiveness is often limited by the need for extra data annotation or classifier pretraining. That is why guidance was harnessed from self-supervised learning backbones, like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Vincent Tao Hu , Yunlu Chen , Mathilde Caron , Yuki M. Asano , Cees G. M. Snoek , Bjorn Ommer

Diffusion models, a powerful and universal generative AI technology, have achieved tremendous success in computer vision, audio, reinforcement learning, and computational biology. In these applications, diffusion models provide flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Minshuo Chen , Song Mei , Jianqing Fan , Mengdi Wang

Diffusion models without guidance generate very unrealistic samples. Guidance is used ubiquitously, and previous research has attributed its effect to low-temperature sampling that improves quality by trading off diversity. However, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shanchuan Lin , Xiao Yang

Diffusion models are powerful tools for sampling from high-dimensional distributions by progressively transforming pure noise into structured data through a denoising process. When equipped with a guidance mechanism, these models can also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Saeed Mohseni-Sehdeh , Walid Saad , Kei Sakaguchi , Tao Yu

We explore the problem of generating minority samples using diffusion models. The minority samples are instances that lie on low-density regions of a data manifold. Generating a sufficient number of such minority instances is important,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Soobin Um , Suhyeon Lee , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion models have demonstrated significant promise in various generative tasks; however, they often struggle to satisfy challenging constraints. Our approach addresses this limitation by rethinking training-free loss-guided diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 William Huang , Yifeng Jiang , Tom Van Wouwe , C. Karen Liu

In this work, we investigate an intriguing and prevalent phenomenon of diffusion models which we term as "consistent model reproducibility": given the same starting noise input and a deterministic sampler, different diffusion models often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Huijie Zhang , Jinfan Zhou , Yifu Lu , Minzhe Guo , Peng Wang , Liyue Shen , Qing Qu

Diffusion models have demonstrated empirical successes in various applications and can be adapted to task-specific needs via guidance. This paper studies a form of gradient guidance for adapting a pre-trained diffusion model towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-17 Yingqing Guo , Hui Yuan , Yukang Yang , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

Through Diffusion Models (DMs), we have made significant advances in generating high-quality images. Our exploration of these models delves deeply into their core operational principles by systematically investigating key aspects across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Karam Ghanem , Danilo Bzdok

Generative models have recently undergone significant advancement due to the diffusion models. The success of these models can be often attributed to their use of guidance techniques, such as classifier or classifier-free guidance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Gyeongnyeon Kim , Wooseok Jang , Gyuseong Lee , Susung Hong , Junyoung Seo , Seungryong Kim

Guidance is a crucial technique for extracting the best performance out of image-generating diffusion models. Traditionally, a constant guidance weight has been applied throughout the sampling chain of an image. We show that guidance is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Tuomas Kynkäänniemi , Miika Aittala , Tero Karras , Samuli Laine , Timo Aila , Jaakko Lehtinen

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM) are a class of generative models which have recently been shown to produce excellent samples. We show that with a few simple modifications, DDPMs can also achieve competitive log-likelihoods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Alex Nichol , Prafulla Dhariwal

Generative models on discrete state-spaces have a wide range of potential applications, particularly in the domain of natural sciences. In continuous state-spaces, controllable and flexible generation of samples with desired properties has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Hunter Nisonoff , Junhao Xiong , Stephan Allenspach , Jennifer Listgarten

Diffusion and flow-based models have enabled significant progress in generation tasks across various modalities and have recently found applications in predictive learning. However, unlike typical generation tasks that encourage sample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yu Zhang , Xingzhuo Guo , Haoran Xu , Jialong Wu , Mingsheng Long

We present a concise derivation for several influential score-based diffusion models that relies on only a few textbook results. Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful tools for generating realistic, synthetic signals --…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Chicago Y. Park , Michael T. McCann , Cristina Garcia-Cardona , Brendt Wohlberg , Ulugbek S. Kamilov

Guidance is a cornerstone of modern diffusion models, playing a pivotal role in conditional generation and enhancing the quality of unconditional samples. However, current approaches to guidance scheduling--determining the appropriate…

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