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Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in solving complex problems through reinforcement learning (RL), particularly by generating long reasoning traces. However, these extended outputs often exhibit substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Wei Liu , Ruochen Zhou , Yiyun Deng , Yuzhen Huang , Junteng Liu , Yuntian Deng , Yizhe Zhang , Junxian He

Despite the significant improvements achieved by large language models (LLMs) in English reasoning tasks, these models continue to struggle with multilingual reasoning. Recent studies leverage a full-parameter and two-stage training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Yuchun Fan , Yongyu Mu , Yilin Wang , Lei Huang , Junhao Ruan , Bei Li , Tong Xiao , Shujian Huang , Xiaocheng Feng , Jingbo Zhu

Chain-of-thought (CoT) enhances the problem-solving ability of large language models (LLMs) but incurs substantial inference cost due to long autoregressive trajectories. Existing acceleration strategies either shorten traces via early…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhuokun Chen , Zeren Chen , Jiahao He , Lu Sheng , Mingkui Tan , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang

This paper introduces STAR-1, a high-quality, just-1k-scale safety dataset specifically designed for large reasoning models (LRMs) like DeepSeek-R1. Built on three core principles -- diversity, deliberative reasoning, and rigorous filtering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Zijun Wang , Haoqin Tu , Yuhan Wang , Juncheng Wu , Yanqing Liu , Jieru Mei , Brian R. Bartoldson , Bhavya Kailkhura , Cihang Xie

Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have marked a shift toward the growing importance of post-training. Yet, post-training approaches such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) do not guarantee the effective use of knowledge acquired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Chunyuan Deng , Ruidi Chang , Hanjie Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, temporal reasoning, particularly under complex temporal constraints, remains a major challenge. To this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Feng Liang , Weixin Zeng , Runhao Zhao , Xiang Zhao

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance on complex tasks by leveraging long Chain-of-Thought (CoT), but often suffer from overthinking, leading to excessive reasoning steps and high inference latency. Existing CoT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yi Sui , Chaozhuo Li , Dawei Song

While large language models (LLMs) show promise in scientific discovery, existing research focuses on inference or feedback-driven training, leaving the direct modeling of the generative reasoning process,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zonglin Yang , Lidong Bing

While modern recommender systems are instrumental in navigating information abundance, they remain fundamentally limited by static user modeling and reactive decision-making paradigms. Current large language model (LLM)-based agents inherit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chenghao Wu , Ruiyang Ren , Junjie Zhang , Ruirui Wang , Zhongrui Ma , Qi Ye , Wayne Xin Zhao

Reasoning with large language models often benefits from generating multiple chains-of-thought, but existing aggregation strategies are typically trajectory-level (e.g., selecting the best trace or voting on the final answer), discarding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Roy Miles , Aysim Toker , Andreea-Maria Oncescu , Songcen Xu , Jiankang Deng , Ismail Elezi

Steering vectors offer a training-free mechanism for controlling reasoning behaviors in large language models, but constructing effective vectors requires identifying genuine behavioral signals in the model's hidden states. For behaviors…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Haomin Zhuang , Hojun Yoo , Xiaonan Luo , Kehan Guo , Xiangliang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong reasoning capabilities when fine-tuned with reinforcement learning (RL). However, such methods require extensive data and compute, making them impractical under many realistic training budgets.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Dai Do , Manh Nguyen , Svetha Venkatesh , Hung Le

Large language models (LLMs) excel at complex reasoning when they include intermediate steps, known as "chains of thought" (CoTs). However, these rationales are often overly verbose, even for simple problems, leading to wasted context,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Seyedarmin Azizi , Erfan Baghaei Potraghloo , Massoud Pedram

Large reasoning models (LRMs) improve problem solving through extended reasoning, but often misallocate test-time compute. Existing efficiency methods reduce cost by compressing reasoning traces or conditioning budget on perceived…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zhaomeng Zhou , Lan Zhang , Junyang Wang , Mu Yuan , Junda Lin

Self-training approach for large language models (LLMs) improves reasoning abilities by training the models on their self-generated rationales. Previous approaches have labeled rationales that produce correct answers for a given question as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jaehyeok Lee , Keisuke Sakaguchi , JinYeong Bak

Large language models (LLMs) are trained for downstream tasks by updating their parameters (e.g., via RL). However, updating parameters forces them to absorb task-specific information, which can result in catastrophic forgetting and loss of…

Sparsity-aware training is an effective approach for transforming large language models (LLMs) into hardware-friendly sparse patterns, thereby reducing latency and memory consumption during inference. In this paper, we propose Continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Weiyu Huang , Yuezhou Hu , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

Recent advancements in large reasoning models (LRMs) have significantly enhanced language models' capabilities in complex problem-solving by emulating human-like deliberative thinking. However, these models often exhibit overthinking (i.e.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Weixiang Zhao , Jiahe Guo , Yang Deng , Xingyu Sui , Yulin Hu , Yanyan Zhao , Wanxiang Che , Bing Qin , Tat-Seng Chua , Ting Liu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in integrating visual perception with language understanding. However, effective multimodal reasoning requires both accurate perception and robust reasoning, and weakness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Sourabh Sharma , Sonam Gupta , Sadbhawna

Reasoning is critical for large language models (LLMs) to excel in a wide range of tasks. While methods like Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning and enhance LLM performance by decomposing problems into intermediate steps, they also incur…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tingxu Han , Zhenting Wang , Chunrong Fang , Shiyu Zhao , Shiqing Ma , Zhenyu Chen
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