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Existing memory benchmarks for LLM agents evaluate explicit recall of facts, yet overlook implicit memory where experience becomes automated behavior without conscious retrieval. This gap is critical: effective assistants must automatically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chonghan Qin , Xiachong Feng , Weitao Ma , Xiaocheng Feng , Lingpeng Kong

AI agents are expected to perform professional work across hundreds of occupational domains (from emergency department triage to nuclear reactor safety monitoring to customs import processing), yet existing benchmarks can only evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xiaomeng Hu , Yinger Zhang , Fei Huang , Jianhong Tu , Yang Su , Lianghao Deng , Yuxuan Liu , Yantao Liu , Dayiheng Liu , Tsung-Yi Ho

Existing datasets for coding agents evaluate performance on isolated, single pull request (PR) tasks in a stateless manner, failing to capture the reality of real-world software development where code changes accumulate, technical debt…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 KN Ajay Shastry , Ganesh Senrayan , Shrey Satapara , Pranoy Panda , Chaitanya Devaguptapu

Markets are a promising way to coordinate AI agent activity for similar reasons to those used to justify markets more broadly. In order to effectively participate in markets, agents need to have informative signals of their own ability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Andrey Fradkin , Rohit Krishnan

As AI agents increasingly operate in open, real-world environments, they require a deep synergy of multimodal perception, tool invocation with multi-hop reasoning, and dynamic interaction with users. However, existing benchmarks fail to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yunqi Liu , Tong Niu , Zitong Wang , Zhenlong Dai , Yuqi Qing , Weiqiang Wang , Jian Liu

Benchmarks for coding agents increasingly measure source-level software repair, and cybersecurity benchmarks increasingly measure broad capture-the-flag performance. Classical binary reverse engineering remains less precisely specified:…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Isaac David , Arthur Gervais

In order for agents trained by deep reinforcement learning to work alongside humans in realistic settings, we will need to ensure that the agents are \emph{robust}. Since the real world is very diverse, and human behavior often changes in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Paul Knott , Micah Carroll , Sam Devlin , Kamil Ciosek , Katja Hofmann , A. D. Dragan , Rohin Shah

With the rapid development of LLM-based agents, there is a growing trend to incorporate agent-specific data into the pre-training stage of LLMs, aiming to better align LLMs with real-world autonomous task execution. However, current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Jiarui Qin , Yunjia Xi , Junjie Huang , Renting Rui , Di Yin , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Weinan Zhang , Xing Sun

LLM agents are expected to complete end-to-end units of work across software tools, business services, and local workspaces. Yet many agent benchmarks freeze a curated task set at release time and grade mainly the final response, making it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Chenxin Li , Zhengyang Tang , Mingxin Huang , Yunlong Lin , Shijue Huang , Shengyuan Liu , Bowen Ye , Rang Li , Lei Li , Benyou Wang , Yixuan Yuan

The emergence of new organizational forms--such as virtual teams--has brought forward some challenges for teams. One of the most relevant challenges is coordinating the decisions of team members who work from different time zones. Intuition…

General Economics · Economics 2022-06-30 Darío Blanco-Fernández , Stephan Leitner , Alexandra Rausch

Multi-agent systems, where specialized agents collaborate to solve a shared task hold great potential, from increased modularity to simulating complex environments. However, they also have a major caveat -- a single agent can cause the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ohav Barbi , Ori Yoran , Mor Geva

We present Agent-Diff, a novel benchmarking framework for evaluating agentic Large Language Models (LLMs) on real-world productivity software API tasks via code execution. Agentic LLM performance varies due to differences in models,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Hubert M. Pysklo , Artem Zhuravel , Patrick D. Watson

Large language models deployed as agents increasingly interact with external systems through tool calls--actions with real-world consequences that text outputs alone do not carry. Safety evaluations, however, overwhelmingly measure…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Arnold Cartagena , Ariane Teixeira

AI agents have the potential to aid users on a variety of consequential tasks, including conducting scientific research. To spur the development of useful agents, we need benchmarks that are challenging, but more crucially, directly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zachary S. Siegel , Sayash Kapoor , Nitya Nagdir , Benedikt Stroebl , Arvind Narayanan

Existing agent safety benchmarks report binary accuracy, conflating early intervention with post-mortem analysis. A detector that flags a violation at step 8 enables intervention; one that reports it at step 48 provides only forensic value.…

When humans and autonomous systems operate together as what we refer to as a hybrid team, we of course wish to ensure the team operates successfully and effectively. We refer to team members as agents. In our proposed framework, we address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Andrew Fuchs , Andrea Passarella , Marco Conti

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly serve as personal assistants and workplace collaborators, where their utility depends on memory systems that extract, retrieve, and apply information across long-running conversations. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jingbo Yang , Kwei-Herng Lai , Xiaowen Wang , Shiyu Chang , Yaar Harari , Evgeniy Gabrilovich

We introduce DecisionBench, a benchmark substrate for emergent delegation in long-horizon agentic workflows. The substrate fixes a task suite (GAIA, tau-bench, BFCL multi-turn), a peer-model pool (11 models, 7 vendor families), a delegation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yuxuan Gao , Megan Wang , Yi Ling Yu , Zijian Carl Ma , Ao Qu

Software development is iterative, yet agentic coding benchmarks hide design issues through their single-shot setup. Recent iterative benchmarks attempt to remedy this but heavily constrain an agent's design decision space, making it…

We propose a per-task leverage ratio for human-agent collaboration: human work displaced by an agent, divided by the human time required to specify the task, resolve mid-run interrupts, and review the result. The denominator decomposes into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Stan Loosmore