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We propose a distributed bundle adjustment (DBA) method using the exact Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm for super large-scale datasets. Most of the existing methods partition the global map to small ones and conduct bundle adjustment in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Maoteng Zheng , Nengcheng Chen , Junfeng Zhu , Xiaoru Zeng , Huanbin Qiu , Yuyao Jiang , Xingyue Lu , Hao Qu

Efficient, accurate, and flexible relative localization is crucial in air-ground collaborative tasks. However, current approaches for robot relative localization are primarily realized in the form of distributed multi-robot SLAM systems…

In this paper, we present a new wireless sensing system utilizing a movable antenna (MA) that continuously moves and receives sensing signals to enhance sensing performance over the conventional fixed-position antenna (FPA) sensing. We show…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Wenyan Ma , Lipeng Zhu , Rui Zhang

Multi-camera SLAM systems offer a plethora of advantages, primarily stemming from their capacity to amalgamate information from a broader field of view, thereby resulting in heightened robustness and improved localization accuracy. In this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Han Song , Cong Liu , Huafeng Dai

This work reports a novel multi-frame Bundle Adjustment (BA) framework called RKHS-BA. It uses continuous landmark representations that encode RGB-D/LiDAR and semantic observations in a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS). With a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ray Zhang , Jingwei Song , Xiang Gao , Junzhe Wu , Tianyi Liu , Jinyuan Zhang , Ryan Eustice , Maani Ghaffari

Classical Bundle Adjustment (BA) is fundamentally limited by its reliance on precise metric initialization and prior camera intrinsics. While modern dense matchers offer high-fidelity correspondences, traditional Structure-from-Motion (SfM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Jason Chui , Hector Andrade-Loarca , Daniel Cremers

Accurate and consistent construction of point clouds from LiDAR scanning data is fundamental for 3D modeling applications. Current solutions, such as multiview point cloud registration and LiDAR bundle adjustment, predominantly depend on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jianping Li , Thien-Minh Nguyen , Shenghai Yuan , Lihua Xie

In this paper, we developed the solution of roadside LiDAR object detection using a combination of two unsupervised learning algorithms. The 3D point clouds are firstly converted into spherical coordinates and filled into the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Tianya Zhang , Peter J. Jin

LiDAR sensors are often considered essential for autonomous driving, but high-resolution sensors remain expensive while affordable low-resolution sensors produce sparse point clouds that miss critical details. LiDAR super-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 June Moh Goo , Zichao Zeng , Jan Boehm

Robust urban autonomous driving requires reliable 3D scene understanding and stable decision-making under dense interactions. However, existing end-to-end models lack interpretability, while modular pipelines suffer from error propagation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Guangli Chen , Dianzhao Li , Wenjian Zhong , Bangquan Xie , Ostap Okhrin

Conventional radar segmentation research has typically focused on learning category labels for different moving objects. Although fundamental differences between radar and optical sensors lead to differences in the reliability of predicting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Simin Zhu , Satish Ravindran , Alexander Yarovoy , Francesco Fioranelli

All-weather autonomy is critical for autonomous driving, which necessitates reliable localization across diverse scenarios. While LiDAR place recognition is widely deployed for this task, its performance degrades in adverse weather.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhangshuo Qi , Jingyi Xu , Luqi Cheng , Shichen Wen , Guangming Xiong

Autonomous radar has been an integral part of advanced driver assistance systems due to its robustness to adverse weather and various lighting conditions. Conventional automotive radars use digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Xu Dong , Pengluo Wang , Pengyue Zhang , Langechuan Liu

The joint optimization of sensor poses and 3D structure is fundamental for state estimation in robotics and related fields. Current LiDAR systems often prioritize pose optimization, with structure refinement either omitted or treated…

Efficient beam alignment is fundamental to high-throughput and reliable connectivity in Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems. However, conventional beam management in dynamic vehicular topologies incurs prohibitive alignment overhead and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Jiahui Liang , Shuoyao Wang , Shijian Gao

Accurate, high-resolution, and real-time DOA estimation is a cornerstone of environmental perception in automotive radar systems. While sparse signal recovery techniques offer super-resolution and high-precision estimation, their…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-19 Longxin Bai , Jingchao Zhang , Liyan Qiao

The use of infrastructure sensor technology for traffic detection has already been proven several times. However, extrinsic sensor calibration is still a challenge for the operator. While previous approaches are unable to calibrate the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Laurent Kloeker , Christian Kotulla , Lutz Eckstein

Compared to the onboard camera and laser scanner, radar sensor provides lighting and weather invariant sensing, which is naturally suitable for long-term localization under adverse conditions. However, radar data is sparse and noisy,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Huan Yin , Runjian Chen , Yue Wang , Rong Xiong

A core component of all Structure from Motion (SfM) approaches is bundle adjustment. As the latter is a computational bottleneck for larger blocks, parallel bundle adjustment has become an active area of research. Particularly,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Helmut Mayer

Photometric bundle adjustment (PBA) is widely used in estimating the camera pose and 3D geometry by assuming a Lambertian world. However, the assumption of photometric consistency is often violated since the non-diffuse reflection is common…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Lei Cheng , Junpeng Hu , Haodong Yan , Mariia Gladkova , Tianyu Huang , Yun-Hui Liu , Daniel Cremers , Haoang Li