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Related papers: SmellBench: Evaluating LLM Agents on Architectural…

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Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages. These systems introduce several advantages. However, as the number of languages increases, so does the challenges related to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Mouna Abidi , Md Saidur Rahman , Moses Openja , Foutse Khomh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in downstream software engineering tasks such as Automated Program Repair (APR). In particular, there has been a lot of research on repository-level issue-resolution benchmarks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Anvith Pabba , Alex Mathai , Anindya Chakraborty , Baishakhi Ray

Background. Architectural smells and code smells are symptoms of bad code or design that can cause different quality problems, such as faults, technical debt, or difficulties with maintenance and evolution. Some studies show that code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Francesca Arcelli Fontanaa , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Riccardo Roveda , Davide Taibi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially influenced various software engineering tasks. Indeed, in the case of software refactoring, traditional LLMs have shown the ability to reduce development time and enhance code quality.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Khouloud Oueslati , Maxime Lamothe , Foutse Khomh

Code smells represent sub-optimal implementation choices applied by developers when evolving software systems. The negative impact of code smells has been widely investigated in the past: besides developers' productivity and ability to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Gemma Catolino , Fabio Palomba , Francesca Arcelli Fontana , Andrea De Lucia , Andy Zaidman , Filomena Ferrucci

Context: Test smells are symptoms of sub-optimal design choices adopted when developing test cases. Previous studies have proved their harmfulness for test code maintainability and effectiveness. Therefore, researchers have been proposing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Valeria Pontillo , Dario Amoroso d'Aragona , Fabiano Pecorelli , Dario Di Nucci , Filomena Ferrucci , Fabio Palomba

Simulation modelling systems are routinely used to test or understand real-world scenarios in a controlled setting. They have found numerous applications in scientific research, engineering, and industrial operations. Due to their complex…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Riasat Mahbub , Mohammad Masudur Rahman , Muhammad Ahsanul Habib

Existing code benchmarks measure whether an agent can produce any test that reproduces a known bug, or whether it can produce a patch that fixes a described issue. Neither isolates the distinct skill of property-based testing: deriving a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Lucas Jing , Xinqi Wang , Liao Zhang , Simon S. Du

Machine Learning (ML) projects incur novel challenges in their development and productionisation over traditional software applications, though established principles and best practices in ensuring the project's software quality still…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Bart van Oort , Luís Cruz , Babak Loni , Arie van Deursen

Automated code smell detection faces persistent challenges due to the subjectivity of heuristic rules and the limited performance of traditional ML/DL models. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising alternative, their adoption…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Beiqi Zhang , Peng Liang , Xin Zhou , Xiyu Zhou , David Lo , Qiong Feng , Zengyang Li , Lin Li

Large language models (LLM) are perceived to offer promising potentials for automating security tasks, such as those found in security operation centers (SOCs). As a first step towards evaluating this perceived potential, we investigate the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Kumar Shashwat , Francis Hahn , Xinming Ou , Dmitry Goldgof , Lawrence Hall , Jay Ligatti , S. Raj Rajgopalan , Armin Ziaie Tabari

Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for performing sophisticated software engineering tasks autonomously. In addition, there has been progress towards developing agents that can perform parts of the research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Nicholas Edwards , Yukyung Lee , Yujun Audrey Mao , Yulu Qin , Sebastian Schuster , Najoung Kim

Software systems naturally evolve, and this evolution often brings design problems that cause system degradation. Architectural smells are typical symptoms of such problems, and several of these smells are related to undesired dependencies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-21 J. Andrés Díaz-Pace , Antonela Tommasel , Daniela Godoy

Modern Large Language Model (LLM) agents promise end to end assistance with real-world software tasks, yet existing benchmarks evaluate LLM agents almost exclusively in pre-baked environments where every dependency is pre-installed. To fill…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Avi Arora , Jinu Jang , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

Agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in the software industry, contributing code as collaborators or even autonomous developers. As their presence grows, it becomes important to assess the current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Qixing Zhou , Jiacheng Zhang , Haiyang Wang , Rui Hao , Jiahe Wang , Minghao Han , Yuxue Yang , Shuzhe Wu , Feiyang Pan , Lue Fan , Dandan Tu , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for automated patching, but their effectiveness depends strongly on how they are integrated into patching systems. While prior work explores prompting strategies and individual agent designs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Qingxiao Xu , Ze Sheng , Zhicheng Chen , Jeff Huang

Recent advances in code agents have enabled automated software development at the project level, supported by large language models (LLMs). However, existing benchmarks for code agent evaluation face two major limitations. First, creating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lingyue Fu , Bolun Zhang , Hao Guan , Yaoming Zhu , Lin Qiu , Weiwen Liu , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

The manual generation of test scripts is a time-intensive, costly, and error-prone process, indicating the value of automated solutions. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown great promise in this domain, leveraging their extensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Victor Alves , Carla Bezerra , Ivan Machado , Larissa Rocha , Tássio Virgínio , Publio Silva

Reproducibility is a cornerstone of scientific progress, yet its state in large language model (LLM)-based software engineering (SE) research remains poorly understood. This paper presents the first large-scale, empirical study of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Arvin Islam-Gomes , Natalie Sekerak , Joanna C. S. Santos

The promise of Large Language Models in automated software engineering is often measured by functional correctness, overlooking the critical issue of long term maintainability. This paper presents a systematic audit of technical debt in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yuecai Zhu , Nikolaos Tsantalis , Peter C. Rigby