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For middle-school math students, interactive question-answering (QA) with tutors is an effective way to learn. The flexibility and emergent capabilities of generative large language models (LLMs) has led to a surge of interest in automating…

The landscape of education is changing rapidly, shaped by emerging pedagogical approaches, technological innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI), and evolving societal expectations, all of which demand thorough evaluation of new…

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into education offers significant potential to enhance accessibility and engagement, yet their high computational demands limit usability in low-resource settings, exacerbating educational…

Providing timely, consistent, and high-quality feedback in large-scale higher education courses remains a persistent challenge, often constrained by instructor workload and resource limitations. This study presents an LLM-powered, agentic…

Large Language Models (LLMs) suffer from hallucinations and outdated knowledge due to their reliance on static training data. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these issues by integrating external dynamic information for…

Large language model (LLM)-based educational assistants often provide direct answers that short-circuit learning by reducing exploration, self-explanation, and engagement with course materials. We present BLADE (Better Language Answers…

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence combining a retrieval phase with a generative phase, with the latter typically being powered by large language models (LLMs). The current…

This study explores NotebookLM, a Google Gemini - powered AI platform that integrates Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) as a Socratic tutor for physics education. In this implementation, NotebookLM was configured to support students in…

The rapid rise of LLMs over the last few years has promoted growing experimentation with LLM-driven AI tutors. However, the details of implementation, as well as the benefit in a teaching environment, are still in the early days of…

Artificial intelligence (AI) retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) tools now enable educators to transform course materials into diverse multimedia at scale. However, it remains unclear whether such AI-generated content functions as a…

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) in Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) presents transformative opportunities for personalized education. However, current implementations face two critical challenges: maintaining factual accuracy and…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) lifts the factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs) by injecting external knowledge, yet it falls short on problems that demand multi-step inference; conversely, purely reasoning-oriented approaches…

Students learning algorithms often need support as they interpret traces, debug reasoning errors, and apply procedures across unfamiliar problem instances. In this paper, we present KITE (Knowledge-Informed Tutoring Engine), a…

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (MRAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating multimodal data (text, images, videos) into retrieval and generation processes, overcoming the limitations of text-only…

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable strides in multimodal tasks such as visual question answering, visual grounding, and complex reasoning. However, they remain limited by static training data, susceptibility to…

We present Machine Assistant with Reliable Knowledge (MARK), a retrieval-augmented question-answering system designed to support student learning through accurate and contextually grounded responses. The system is built on a…

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable versatility across a wide range of general tasks, their effectiveness often diminishes in domain-specific applications due to inherent knowledge gaps. Moreover, their…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained significant popularity in modern Large Language Models (LLMs) due to its effectiveness in introducing new knowledge and reducing hallucinations. However, the deep understanding of RAG remains…

This study evaluates the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) as an Artificial Intelligence-based tutor for a university course. In particular, different advanced techniques are utilized, such as prompt engineering,…

RAGMan is an LLM-powered tutoring system that can support a variety of course-specific and homework-specific AI tutors. RAGMan leverages Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), as well as strict instructions, to ensure the alignment of the AI…