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Conformal prediction methods provide statistically rigorous marginal coverage guarantees for machine learning models, but such guarantees fail to account for algorithmic biases, thereby undermining fairness and trust. This paper introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Senrong Xu , Yanke Zhou , Yuhao Tan , Zenan Li , Yuan Yao , Taolue Chen , Feng Xu , Xiaoxing Ma

Science and technology have a growing need for effective mechanisms that ensure reliable, controlled performance from black-box machine learning algorithms. These performance guarantees should ideally hold conditionally on the input-that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Vincent Blot , Anastasios N Angelopoulos , Michael I Jordan , Nicolas J-B Brunel

Successful application of machine learning models to real-world prediction problems, e.g. financial forecasting and personalized medicine, has proved to be challenging, because such settings require limiting and quantifying the uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Yao Zhang , William Zame , Mihaela van der Schaar

This study aims to address the pervasive challenge of quantifying uncertainty in large language models (LLMs) without logit-access. Conformal Prediction (CP), known for its model-agnostic and distribution-free features, is a desired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Jiayuan Su , Jing Luo , Hongwei Wang , Lu Cheng

Typically, machine learning models are trained and evaluated without making any distinction between users (e.g, using traditional hold-out and cross-validation). However, this produces inaccurate performance metrics estimates in multi-user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Enrique Garcia-Ceja , Luciano Garcia-Banuelos , Nicolas Jourdan

Conformal Prediction (CP) has recently received a tremendous amount of interest, leading to a wide range of new theoretical and methodological results for predictive inference with formal theoretical guarantees. However, the vast majority…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Manit Paul , Arun Kumar Kuchibhotla , Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen

Several uncertainty estimation methods have been recently proposed for machine translation evaluation. While these methods can provide a useful indication of when not to trust model predictions, we show in this paper that the majority of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Chrysoula Zerva , André F. T. Martins

This paper introduces a conformal inference method to evaluate uncertainty in classification by generating prediction sets with valid coverage conditional on adaptively chosen features. These features are carefully selected to reflect…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-31 Yanfei Zhou , Matteo Sesia

Based on the framework of Conformal Prediction (CP), we study the online construction of confidence sets given a black-box machine learning model. By converting the target confidence levels into quantile levels, the problem can be reduced…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-23 Zhiyu Zhang , Zhou Lu , Heng Yang

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is essential for safe deployment of generative AI models such as large language models (LLMs), especially in high stakes applications. Conformal prediction (CP) offers a principled uncertainty quantification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Sima Noorani , Shayan Kiyani , George Pappas , Hamed Hassani

Conformal prediction (CP), a distribution-free uncertainty quantification (UQ) framework, reliably provides valid predictive inference for black-box models. CP constructs prediction sets that contain the true output with a specified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Xiaofan Zhou , Baiting Chen , Yu Gui , Lu Cheng

Multi-agent systems (MAS) are increasingly used in healthcare to support complex decision-making through collaboration among specialized agents. Because these systems act as collective decision-makers, they raise challenges for trust,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Truong Thanh Hung Nguyen , Hélène Fournier , Piper Jackson , Makoto Itoh , Shannon Freeman , Rene Richard , Hung Cao

Current instance segmentation models achieve high performance on average predictions, but lack principled uncertainty quantification: their outputs are not calibrated, and there is no guarantee that a predicted mask is close to the ground…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Kerri Lu , Dan M. Kluger , Stephen Bates , Sherrie Wang

Deep learning models for medical imaging often exhibit overconfidence, creating safety risks in ambiguous diagnostic scenarios. While Conformal Prediction (CP) provides distribution-free statistical guarantees, standard methods such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 One Octadion , Novanto Yudistira , Lailil Muflikhah

Conformal prediction provides rigorous distribution-free finite-sample guarantees for marginal coverage under the assumption of exchangeability, but may exhibit systematic undercoverage or overcoverage for specific subpopulations. Assessing…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Zheng Zhou , Xiangfei Zhang , Chongguang Tao , Yuhong Yang

Conformal prediction has emerged as a powerful tool for building prediction intervals that are valid in a distribution-free way. However, its evaluation may be computationally costly, especially in the high-dimensional setting where the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Lucas Clarté , Lenka Zdeborová

Large language models still struggle with contest-level programming, while many agentic remedies rely on massive inference-time sampling or expensive multi-stage post-training. We study when execution feedback reliably helps an LLM CP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Peisong Wang , Bowen Liu , Zehua Li , Yuyao Wang , Zhiwei Ma , Yuhan Li , Jia Li

We propose an adaptive multi-agent clustering recognition system that can be self-supervised driven, based on a temporal sequences continuous learning mechanism with adaptability. The system is designed to use some different functional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Xingyu Qian , Aximu Yuemaier , Longfei Liang , Wen-Chi Yang , Xiaogang Chen , Shunfen Li , Weibang Dai , Zhitang Song

Conformal prediction (CP) and its extension, conformal risk control (CRC), are established frameworks for quantifying uncertainty in supervised machine learning through formal guarantees. However, recent breakthroughs in artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Gabriel Loaiza-Ganem , Kevin Zhang , Wei Cui , Marc T. Law , Kin Kwan Leung

In this paper, we consider the problem of distributed reachable set computation for multi-agent systems (MASs) interacting over an undirected, stationary graph. A full state-feedback control input for such MASs depends no only on the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-11 Omanshu Thapliyal , Shanelle Clarke , Inseok Hwang