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We propose a novel Chain Guided Retriever-reader ({\tt CGR}) framework to model the reasoning chain for multi-hop Science Question Answering. Our framework is capable of performing explainable reasoning without the need of any…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Weiwen Xu , Yang Deng , Huihui Zhang , Deng Cai , Wai Lam

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved complex reasoning capabilities. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has further extended these capabilities by grounding generation in dynamically retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jash Rajesh Parekh , Pengcheng Jiang , Jiawei Han

The identification of states and parameters from noisy measurements of a dynamical system is of great practical significance and has received a lot of attention. Classically, this problem is expressed as optimization over a class of models.…

Socio-cognitive action reproduces and changes both social and cognitive structures. The analytical distinction between these dimensions of structure provides us with richer models of scientific development. In this study, I assume that (i)…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Loet Leydesdorff

This paper presents an extension of temporal epistemic logic with operators that quantify over agent strategies. Unlike previous work on alternating temporal epistemic logic, the semantics works with systems whose states explicitly encode…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-07-13 Xiaowei Huang , Ron van der Meyden

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable advances in reasoning capabilities. However, their performance remains constrained by limited access to explicit and structured domain knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Junlin Wu , Xianrui Zhong , Jiashuo Sun , Bolian Li , Bowen Jin , Jiawei Han , Qingkai Zeng

Abstraction is key to scaling up reinforcement learning (RL). However, autonomously learning abstract state and action representations to enable transfer and generalization remains a challenging open problem. This paper presents a novel…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Rashmeet Kaur Nayyar , Siddharth Srivastava

Psychological investigations have led to considerable insight into the working of the human language comprehension system. In this article, we look at a set of principles derived from psychological findings to argue for a particular…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Kavi Mahesh , Kurt P. Eiselt

We are studying long term sequence prediction (forecasting). We approach this by investigating criteria for choosing a compact useful state representation. The state is supposed to summarize useful information from the history. We want a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-02-10 Peter Sunehag , Marcus Hutter

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been extensively employed to mitigate hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). However, existing methods for multi-hop reasoning tasks often lack global planning, increasing the risk of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yijie Zhu , Haojie Zhou , Wanting Hong , Tailin Liu , Ning Wang

In this paper we propose a logic-based, framework inspired by artificial intelligence, but scaled down for practical database and programming applications. Computation in the framework is viewed as the task of generating a sequence of state…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-04-25 Robert Kowalski , Fariba Sadri

We propose a categorical framework to reason about scientific explanations: descriptions of a phenomenon meant to translate it into simpler terms, or into a context that has been already understood. Our motivating examples come from systems…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Leo Lobski , Fabio Zanasi

Decision making via sequence modeling aims to mimic the success of language models, where actions taken by an embodied agent are modeled as tokens to predict. Despite their promising performance, it remains unclear if embodied sequence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Tian Yun , Zilai Zeng , Kunal Handa , Ashish V. Thapliyal , Bo Pang , Ellie Pavlick , Chen Sun

Autoregressive (AR) language models enforce a fixed left-to-right generation order, creating a fundamental limitation when the required output structure conflicts with natural reasoning (e.g., producing answers before explanations due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Longxuan Yu , Yu Fu , Shaorong Zhang , Hui Liu , Mukund Varma T , Greg Ver Steeg , Yue Dong

We investigate the phenomenon of non-recursive trade-offs between descriptional systems in an abstract fashion. We aim at categorizing non-recursive trade-offs by bounds on their growth rate, and show how to deduce such bounds in general.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-07-30 Hermann Gruber , Markus Holzer , Martin Kutrib

In this paper, we propose a set theoretic approach for knowledge representation. While the syntax of an application domain is captured by set theoretic constructs including individuals, concepts and operators, knowledge is formalized by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-03-14 Yi Zhou

In the era of intelligent computing, computational progress in text processing is an essential consideration. Many systems have been developed to process text over different languages. Though, there is considerable development, they still…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Sumant Pushp , Pragya Kashmira , Shyamanta M Hazarika

Recent work on recursive architectures has shown that tiny neural networks can be surprisingly powerful on structured reasoning tasks. The trick is to model reasoning trajectories with a latent dynamical system. We argue that the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Andrew Corbett , Archit Sood , Anna Tzatzopoulou , Sai-Aakash Ramesh , Tim Dodwell

Social order cannot be considered as a stable phenomenon because it contains an order of reproduced expectations. When the expectations operate upon one another, they generate a non-linear dynamics that processes meaning. Specific meaning…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-06 Loet Leydesdorff

In this work, we introduce dual goal representations for goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL). A dual goal representation characterizes a state by "the set of temporal distances from all other states"; in other words, it encodes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Seohong Park , Deepinder Mann , Sergey Levine
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