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Multimodal machine learning (MML) is rapidly reshaping the way mental-health disorders are detected, characterized, and longitudinally monitored. Whereas early studies relied on isolated data streams -- such as speech, text, or wearable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Zahraa Al Sahili , Ioannis Patras , Matthew Purver

Multi-modal 3D object detection models for automated driving have demonstrated exceptional performance on computer vision benchmarks like nuScenes. However, their reliance on densely sampled LiDAR point clouds and meticulously calibrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Till Beemelmanns , Quan Zhang , Christian Geller , Lutz Eckstein

Unified multimodal models integrate the reasoning capacity of large language models with both image understanding and generation, showing great promise for advanced multimodal intelligence. However, the community still lacks a rigorous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hongxiang Li , Yaowei Li , Bin Lin , Yuwei Niu , Yuhang Yang , Xiaoshuang Huang , Jiayin Cai , Xiaolong Jiang , Yao Hu , Long Chen

Domain generalization (DG) aims to incorporate knowledge from multiple source domains into a single model that could generalize well on unseen target domains. This problem is ubiquitous in practice since the distributions of the target data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-26 Shoubo Hu , Kun Zhang , Zhitang Chen , Laiwan Chan

Recent technological advancements in multimodal machine learning--including the rise of large language models (LLMs)--have improved our ability to collect, process, and analyze diverse multimodal data such as speech, video, and eye gaze in…

We present MEGA-Bench, an evaluation suite that scales multimodal evaluation to over 500 real-world tasks, to address the highly heterogeneous daily use cases of end users. Our objective is to optimize for a set of high-quality data samples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jiacheng Chen , Tianhao Liang , Sherman Siu , Zhengqing Wang , Kai Wang , Yubo Wang , Yuansheng Ni , Wang Zhu , Ziyan Jiang , Bohan Lyu , Dongfu Jiang , Xuan He , Yuan Liu , Hexiang Hu , Xiang Yue , Wenhu Chen

Multimodal retrieval is becoming a crucial component of modern AI applications, yet its evaluation lags behind the demands of more realistic and challenging scenarios. Existing benchmarks primarily probe surface-level semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junjie Zhou , Ze Liu , Lei Xiong , Jin-Ge Yao , Yueze Wang , Shitao Xiao , Fenfen Lin , Miguel Hu Chen , Zhicheng Dou , Siqi Bao , Defu Lian , Yongping Xiong , Zheng Liu

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), extensive research has been conducted to investigate the code generation capabilities of LLMs. However, existing efforts primarily focus on general-domain tasks, leaving LLMs' code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Dewu Zheng , Yanlin Wang , Ensheng Shi , Xilin Liu , Yuchi Ma , Hongyu Zhang , Zibin Zheng

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) hold significant potential in medical applications, including disease diagnosis and clinical decision-making. However, these tasks require highly accurate, context-sensitive, and professionally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Meidan Ding , Jipeng Zhang , Wenxuan Wang , Cheng-Yi Li , Wei-Chieh Fang , Hsin-Yu Wu , Haiqin Zhong , Wenting Chen , Linlin Shen

Multimodal foundation models that can holistically process text alongside images, video, audio, and other sensory modalities are increasingly used in a variety of real-world applications. However, it is challenging to characterize and study…

The objective of Domain Generalization (DG) is to devise algorithms and models capable of achieving high performance on previously unseen test distributions. In the pursuit of this objective, average measure has been employed as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Duhun Hwang , Suhyun Kang , Moonjung Eo , Jimyeong Kim , Wonjong Rhee

Multimodal representation learning is fundamentally about transforming incomparable modalities into comparable representations. While prior research primarily focused on explicitly aligning these representations through targeted learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Megan Tjandrasuwita , Chanakya Ekbote , Liu Ziyin , Paul Pu Liang

When designing a diagnostic model for a clinical application, it is crucial to guarantee the robustness of the model with respect to a wide range of image corruptions. Herein, an easy-to-use benchmark is established to evaluate how deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Yunlong Zhang , Yuxuan Sun , Honglin Li , Sunyi Zheng , Chenglu Zhu , Lin Yang

Domain generalization (DG) is about learning models that generalize well to new domains that are related to, but different from, the training domain(s). It is a fundamental problem in machine learning and has attracted much attention in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Nevin L. Zhang , Kaican Li , Han Gao , Weiyan Xie , Zhi Lin , Zhenguo Li , Luning Wang , Yongxiang Huang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced rapidly, yet heterogeneity in architecture, alignment strategies, and efficiency means that no single model is uniformly superior across tasks. In practical deployments, workloads span…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Haoxuan Ma , Guannan Lai , Han-Jia Ye

Multimodal deep learning systems which employ multiple modalities like text, image, audio, video, etc., are showing better performance in comparison with individual modalities (i.e., unimodal) systems. Multimodal machine learning involves…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Anil Rahate , Rahee Walambe , Sheela Ramanna , Ketan Kotecha

In the rapidly advancing field of multi-modal machine learning (MMML), the convergence of multiple data modalities has the potential to reshape various applications. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the current state,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Binyang Song , Rui Zhou , Faez Ahmed

The rapidly developing field of large multimodal models (LMMs) has led to the emergence of diverse models with remarkable capabilities. However, existing benchmarks fail to comprehensively, objectively and accurately evaluate whether LMMs…

Graph foundation models (GFM) aim to acquire transferable knowledge by pre-training on diverse graphs, which can be adapted to various downstream tasks. However, domain shift in graphs is inherently two-dimensional: graphs differ not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Xingtong Yu , Shenghua Ye , Ruijuan Liang , Chang Zhou , Hong Cheng , Xinming Zhang , Yuan Fang

Multimodal data modeling has emerged as a powerful approach in clinical research, enabling the integration of diverse data types such as imaging, genomics, wearable sensors, and electronic health records. Despite its potential to improve…