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Concept-based explanation approach is a popular model interpertability tool because it expresses the reasons for a model's predictions in terms of concepts that are meaningful for the domain experts. In this work, we study the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Mohammad Taha Bahadori , David E. Heckerman

Understanding complex machine learning models such as deep neural networks with explanations is crucial in various applications. Many explanations stem from the model perspective, and may not necessarily effectively communicate why the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Chih-Kuan Yeh , Been Kim , Pradeep Ravikumar

Concept-based explainability methods provide insight into deep learning systems by constructing explanations using human-understandable concepts. While the literature on human reasoning demonstrates that we exploit relationships between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Naveen Raman , Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga , Mateja Jamnik

The study of causal abstractions bridges two integral components of human intelligence: the ability to determine cause and effect, and the ability to interpret complex patterns into abstract concepts. Formally, causal abstraction frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Kevin Xia , Elias Bareinboim

Concept-based interpretability methods aim to explain deep neural network model predictions using a predefined set of semantic concepts. These methods evaluate a trained model on a new, "probe" dataset and correlate model predictions with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Vikram V. Ramaswamy , Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Ruth Fong , Olga Russakovsky

Mechanistic interpretability aims to reverse engineer neural networks by uncovering which high-level algorithms they implement. Causal abstraction provides a precise notion of when a network implements an algorithm, i.e., a causal model of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Theodora-Mara Pîslar , Sara Magliacane , Atticus Geiger

Traditional deep learning interpretability methods which are suitable for model users cannot explain network behaviors at the global level and are inflexible at providing fine-grained explanations. As a solution, concept-based explanations…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Jinbin Huang , Aditi Mishra , Bum Chul Kwon , Chris Bryan

Explaining deep neural networks is challenging, due to their large size and non-linearity. In this paper, we introduce a concept-based explanation method, in order to explain the prediction for an individual class, as well as contrasting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Rudolf Herdt , Daniel Otero Baguer

Concept-based explanations have emerged as a popular way of extracting human-interpretable representations from deep discriminative models. At the same time, the disentanglement learning literature has focused on extracting similar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Dmitry Kazhdan , Botty Dimanov , Helena Andres Terre , Mateja Jamnik , Pietro Liò , Adrian Weller

Contrastive explanations clarify why an event occurred in contrast to another. They are more inherently intuitive to humans to both produce and comprehend. We propose a methodology to produce contrastive explanations for classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Alon Jacovi , Swabha Swayamdipta , Shauli Ravfogel , Yanai Elazar , Yejin Choi , Yoav Goldberg

In many scenarios, human decisions are explained based on some high-level concepts. In this work, we take a step in the interpretability of neural networks by examining their internal representation or neuron's activations against concepts.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Mohammad Nokhbeh Zaeem , Majid Komeili

Visual explanations are logical arguments based on visual features that justify the predictions made by neural networks. Current modes of visual explanations answer questions of the form $`Why \text{ } P?'$. These $Why$ questions operate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Mohit Prabhushankar , Gukyeong Kwon , Dogancan Temel , Ghassan AlRegib

The interest in complex deep neural networks for computer vision applications is increasing. This leads to the need for improving the interpretable capabilities of these models. Recent explanation methods present visualizations of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Dan Valle , Tiago Pimentel , Adriano Veloso

Using attention weights to identify information that is important for models' decision-making is a popular approach to interpret attention-based neural networks. This is commonly realized in practice through the generation of a heat-map for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Tian Shi , Xuchao Zhang , Ping Wang , Chandan K. Reddy

Learning vectors that capture the meaning of concepts remains a fundamental challenge. Somewhat surprisingly, perhaps, pre-trained language models have thus far only enabled modest improvements to the quality of such concept embeddings.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Na Li , Hanane Kteich , Zied Bouraoui , Steven Schockaert

The pursuit of interpretable artificial intelligence has led to significant advancements in the development of methods that aim to explain the decision-making processes of complex models, such as deep learning systems. Among these methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yihao Zhang

Understanding why a classification model prefers one class over another for an input instance is the challenge of contrastive explanation. This work implements concept-based contrastive explanations for image classification by leveraging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yuliia Kaidashova , Bettina Finzel , Ute Schmid

Humans use abstract concepts for understanding instead of hard features. Recent interpretability research has focused on human-centered concept explanations of neural networks. Concept Activation Vectors (CAVs) estimate a model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Avani Gupta , Saurabh Saini , P J Narayanan

A variety of methods exist to explain image classification models. However, whether they provide any benefit to users over simply comparing various inputs and the model's respective predictions remains unclear. We conducted a user study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Leon Sixt , Martin Schuessler , Oana-Iuliana Popescu , Philipp Weiß , Tim Landgraf

Neural networks represent data as projections on trained weights in a high dimensional manifold. The trained weights act as a knowledge base consisting of causal class dependencies. Inference built on features that identify these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib
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