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The paper shows that almost every $n$-vertex graph is such that the multiset of its induced subgraphs on $3 \log_2{n}$ vertices is sufficient to determine it up to isomorphism. Therefore, for checking the isomorphism of a pair of $n$-vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-15 Ameneh Farhadian

An identifying open code of a graph $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices that is both a separating open code (that is, $N_G(u) \cap S \ne N_G(v) \cap S$ for all distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ in $G$) and a total dominating set (that is, $N(v) \cap S…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-16 Dipayan Chakraborty , Florent Foucaud , Michael A. Henning

Motivated by a conjecture of Gy\'arf\'as, recently B\"ottcher, Hladk\'y, Piguet, and Taraz showed that every collection $T_1,\dots,T_t$ of trees on $n$ vertices with $\sum_{i=1}^te(T_i)\leq \binom{n}{2}$ and with bounded maximum degree, can…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-20 Silvia Messuti , Vojtěch Rödl , Mathias Schacht

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph of density $p$ on $n$ vertices. Following Erd\H{o}s, \L uczak and Spencer, an $m$-vertex subgraph $H$ of $G$ is called {\em full} if $H$ has minimum degree at least $p(m - 1)$. Let $f(G)$ denote the order of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-24 Victor Falgas-Ravry , Klas Markström , Jacques Verstraëte

Entanglement is a digraph complexity measure that origins in fixed-point theory. Its purpose is to count the nested depth of cycles in digraphs. In this paper we prove that the class of undirected graphs of entanglement at most $k$, for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-04-13 Walid Belkhir

Hadwiger's conjecture asserts that every graph with chromatic number $t$ contains a complete minor of order $t$. Given integers $n \ge 2k+1 \ge 5$, the Kneser graph $K(n, k)$ is the graph with vertices the $k$-subsets of an $n$-set such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-01 Guangjun Xu , Sanming Zhou

In this paper, we investigate the problem of finding {\it bisections} (i.e., balanced bipartitions) in graphs. We prove the following two results for {\it all} graphs $G$: (1). $G$ has a bisection where each vertex $v$ has at least $(1/4 -…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Jie Ma , Hehui Wu

Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a class of graphs that is closed under taking subgraphs. We prove that if for some fixed $0<\delta\le 1$, every $n$-vertex graph of $\mathcal{C}$ has a balanced separator of order $O(n^{1-\delta})$, then any depth-$k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Louis Esperet , Jean-Florent Raymond

Given a graph $H$ with at least one edge, let $\operatorname{gap}_{H}(n)$ denote the maximum difference between the numbers of edges in two $n$-vertex edge-maximal graphs with no minor $H$. We show that for exactly four connected graphs $H$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-05 Colin McDiarmid , Michał Przykucki

A consistent path system in a graph $G$ is an collection of paths, with exactly one path between any two vertices in $G$. A path system is said to be consistent if it is intersection-closed. We say that $G$ is strictly metrizable if every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Maria Chudnovsky , Daniel Cizma , Nati Linial

We study optimal minimum degree conditions when an $n$-vertex graph $G$ contains an $r$-regular $r$-connected subgraph. We prove for $r$ fixed and $n$ large the condition to be $\delta(G) \ge \frac{n+r-2}{2}$ when $nr \equiv 0 \pmod 2$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-18 Max Hahn-Klimroth , Olaf Parczyk , Yury Person

Let $\mathcal{G}$ be a minor-closed graph class. We say that a graph $G$ is a $k$-apex of $\mathcal{G}$ if $G$ contains a set $S$ of at most $k$ vertices such that $G\setminus S$ belongs to $\mathcal{G}.$ We denote by $\mathcal{A}_k…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-17 Ignasi Sau , Giannos Stamoulis , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

We define an equivalence relation on graphs with signed edges, such that the associated adjacency matrices of two equivalent graphs are congruent over $\mathbb{Z}$. We show that signed graphs whose eigenvalues are larger than $-2$ are…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-07-25 Lucas Fernandez Vilanova

A labeling scheme for nearest common ancestors assigns a distinct binary string, called the label, to every node of a tree, so that given the labels of two nodes (and no further information about the topology of the tree) we can compute the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-20 Paweł Gawrychowski , Jakub Łopuszański

We introduce I/O-optimal certifying algorithms for bipartite graphs, as well as for the classes of split, threshold, bipartite chain, and trivially perfect graphs. When the input graph is a class member, the certifying algorithm returns a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Ulrich Meyer , Hung Tran , Konstantinos Tsakalidis

A parallel minor is obtained from a graph by any sequence of edge contractions and parallel edge deletions. We prove that, for any positive integer k, every internally 4-connected graph of sufficiently high order contains a parallel minor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-02-12 Carolyn Chun , Guoli Ding , Bogdan Oporowski , Dirk Vertigan

A matching of a graph is a set of edges without common end vertex. A graph is called 1-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once. Recently, Biedl and Wittnebel proved that every 1-planar graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-11 Yuanqiu Huang , Zhangdong Ouyang , Fengming Dong

The purpose of this paper is to characterize graphs that do not have a large $K_{2,n}$-minor. As corollaries, it is proved that, for any given positive integer $n$, every sufficiently large 3-connected graph with minimum degree at least…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Guoli Ding

We show that for any integer $t \ge 2$, every properly edge colored $n$-vertex graph with average degree at least $(\log n)^{2+o(1)}$ contains a rainbow subdivision of a complete graph of size $t$. Note that this bound is within $(\log…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Yan Wang

For a graph G and an integer t we let mcc_t(G) be the smallest m such that there exists a coloring of the vertices of G by t colors with no monochromatic connected subgraph having more than m vertices. Let F be any nontrivial minor-closed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 N. Linial , J. Matousek , O. Sheffet , G. Tardos