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Reinforcement learning (RL) has become the dominant paradigm for improving the performance of language models on complex reasoning tasks. Despite the substantial empirical gains demonstrated by RL-based training methods like GRPO, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zixuan Ke , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty , Aws Albarghouthi , Frederic Sala

Generation of stroke-based non-photorealistic imagery, is an important problem in the computer vision community. As an endeavor in this direction, substantial recent research efforts have been focused on teaching machines "how to paint", in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Jaskirat Singh , Liang Zheng

Instruction-based image editing is among the fastest developing areas in generative AI. Over the past year, the field has reached a new level, with dozens of open-source models released alongside highly capable commercial systems. However,…

Recent advancements in human video synthesis have enabled the generation of high-quality videos through the application of stable diffusion models. However, existing methods predominantly concentrate on animating solely the human element…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Jinlin Liu , Kai Yu , Mengyang Feng , Xiefan Guo , Miaomiao Cui

The performance of deep learning models for music source separation heavily depends on training data quality. However, datasets are often corrupted by difficult-to-detect artifacts such as audio bleeding and label noise. Since the type and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Azalea Gui , Woosung Choi , Junghyun Koo , Kazuki Shimada , Takashi Shibuya , Joan Serrà , Wei-Hsiang Liao , Yuki Mitsufuji

A key challenge in evaluating VLMs is testing models' ability to analyze visual content independently from their textual priors. Recent benchmarks such as BLINK probe visual perception through visual prompting, where questions about visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Haiwen Feng , Long Lian , Lisa Dunlap , Jiahao Shu , XuDong Wang , Renhao Wang , Trevor Darrell , Alane Suhr , Angjoo Kanazawa

Advancements in diffusion models have significantly improved video quality, directing attention to fine-grained controllability. However, many existing methods depend on fine-tuning large-scale video models for specific tasks, which becomes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sangwon Jang , Taekyung Ki , Jaehyeong Jo , Jaehong Yoon , Soo Ye Kim , Zhe Lin , Sung Ju Hwang

Due to limited supervised training data, large language models (LLMs) are typically pre-trained via a self-supervised "predict the next word" objective on a vast amount of unstructured text data. To make the resulting model useful to users,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Ajay Patel , Colin Raffel , Chris Callison-Burch

Large-scale models trained on extensive datasets, have emerged as the preferred approach due to their high generalizability across various tasks. In-context learning (ICL), a popular strategy in natural language processing, uses such models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Jiahao Zhang , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li , Yuta Nakashima , Hajime Nagahara

Speech style editing refers to modifying the stylistic properties of speech while preserving its linguistic content and speaker identity. However, most existing approaches depend on explicit labels or reference audio, which limits both…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-30 Yun Chen , Qi Chen , Zheqi Dai , Arshdeep Singh , Philip J. B. Jackson , Mark D. Plumbley

The estimation of optical flow is an ambiguous task due to the lack of correspondence at occlusions, shadows, reflections, lack of texture and changes in illumination over time. Thus, unsupervised methods face major challenges as they need…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Adrian Wälchli , Paolo Favaro

Synthetic videos nowadays is widely used to complement data scarcity and diversity of real-world videos. Current synthetic datasets primarily replicate real-world scenarios, leaving impossible, counterfactual and anti-reality video concepts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Zechen Bai , Hai Ci , Mike Zheng Shou

Ambient sound scenes typically comprise multiple short events occurring on top of a somewhat stationary background. We consider the task of separating these events from the background, which we call foreground-background ambient sound scene…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Michel Olvera , Emmanuel Vincent , Romain Serizel , Gilles Gasso

Visual-prompt-guided edit transfer aims to learn image transformations directly from example pairs, offering more precise and controllable editing than purely text-driven approaches. However, existing diffusion transformer-based methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Lan Chen , Qi Mao , Yiren Song , Yuchao Gu , Siwei Ma

The video composition task aims to integrate specified foregrounds and backgrounds from different videos into a harmonious composite. Current approaches, predominantly trained on videos with adjusted foreground color and lighting, struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Jiaqi Guo , Sitong Su , Junchen Zhu , Lianli Gao , Jingkuan Song

Instruction-based image editing has emerged as a key capability for unified multimodal models (UMMs), yet constructing large-scale, diverse, and high-quality editing datasets without costly proprietary APIs remains challenging. Previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Guanzhou Chen , Erfei Cui , Changyao Tian , Danni Yang , Ganlin Yang , Yu Qiao , Hongsheng Li , Gen Luo , Hongjie Zhang

In the last year alone, a surge of new benchmarks to measure compositional understanding of vision-language models have permeated the machine learning ecosystem. Given an image, these benchmarks probe a model's ability to identify its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Jieyu Zhang , Zixian Ma , Aniruddha Kembhavi , Ranjay Krishna

We introduce a model named DreamLight for universal image relighting in this work, which can seamlessly composite subjects into a new background while maintaining aesthetic uniformity in terms of lighting and color tone. The background can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yong Liu , Wenpeng Xiao , Qianqian Wang , Junlin Chen , Shiyin Wang , Yitong Wang , Xinglong Wu , Yansong Tang

One of the challenges of supervised learning training is the need to procure an substantial amount of tagged data. A well-known method of solving this problem is to use synthetic data in a copy-paste fashion, so that we cut objects and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Levi Kassel Michael Werman

Query-based universal sound separation is fundamental to intelligent auditory systems, aiming to isolate specific sources from mixtures. Despite recent advances, existing methods continue to suffer from residual interference in complex…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Kai Li , Jintao Cheng , Chang Zeng , Zijun Yan , Helin Wang , Zixiong Su , Bo Zheng , Xiaolin Hu