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Related papers: PrefixGuard: From LLM-Agent Traces to Online Failu…

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The prefill stage of large language model (LLM) inference is a key computational bottleneck for long-context workloads. At short-to-moderate context lengths (1K--16K tokens), Feed-Forward Networks (FFNs) dominate this cost, accounting for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Aayush Gautam , Mukul Gagrani , Junyoung Park , Mingu Lee , Chiris Lott , Narasimha Reddy

LLM-based multi-agent systems are increasingly deployed on long-horizon tasks, but a single decisive error is often accepted by downstream agents and cascades into trajectory-level failure. Existing work frames this as \emph{post-hoc…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Boxuan Zhang , Jianing Zhu , Zeru Shi , Dongfang Liu , Ruixiang Tang

Prompting and context-based fine-tuning methods, which we call Prefix Learning, have been proposed to enhance the performance of language models on various downstream tasks. They are empirically efficient and effective, matching the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Chiwun Yang

Existing large language models (LLMs) driven search agents typically rely on prompt engineering to decouple the user queries into search plans, limiting their effectiveness in complex scenarios requiring reasoning. Furthermore, they suffer…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jinzheng Li , Sibo Ju , Yanzhou Su , Hongguang Li , Yiqing Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results across diverse domains, yet their development remains reliant on vast amounts of publicly available data, raising concerns about data scarcity and the lack of access to…

Recently, web-based Large Language Model (LLM) agents autonomously perform increasingly complex tasks, thereby bringing significant convenience. However, they also amplify the risks of malicious misuse cases such as unauthorized collection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Sechan Lee , Sangdon Park

Large Language Models (LLMs) face threats from jailbreak prompts. Existing methods for detecting jailbreak prompts are primarily online moderation APIs or finetuned LLMs. These strategies, however, often require extensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Yueqi Xie , Minghong Fang , Renjie Pi , Neil Gong

Interactive large language model (LLM) agents operating via multi-turn dialogue and multi-step tool calling are increasingly used in production. Benchmarks for these agents must both reliably compare models and yield on-policy training…

Fixing static analysis alerts in source code with Large Language Models (LLMs) is becoming increasingly popular. However, LLMs often hallucinate and perform poorly for complex and less common alerts. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yuan-An Xiao , Weixuan Wang , Dong Liu , Junwei Zhou , Shengyu Cheng , Yingfei Xiong

This paper focuses on extending the success of large language models (LLMs) to sequential decision making. Existing efforts either (i) re-train or finetune LLMs for decision making, or (ii) design prompts for pretrained LLMs. The former…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dingyang Chen , Qi Zhang , Yinglun Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in zero-shot and single step reasoning and decision making problems, but in long horizon sequential planning tasks, their errors compound, often leading to unreliable or inefficient behavior.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Anand Gokhale , Vaibhav Srivastava , Francesco Bullo

Recent work has explored training Large Language Model (LLM) search agents with reinforcement learning (RL) for open-domain question answering (QA). However, most evaluations focus solely on final answer accuracy, overlooking how these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jiaqi Shao , Yuxiang Lin , Munish Prasad Lohani , Yufeng Miao , Bing Luo

Prefix circuits are fundamental components in digital adders, widely used in digital systems due to their efficiency in calculating carry signals. Synthesizing prefix circuits with minimized area and delay is crucial for enhancing the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Weihua Xiao , Venkata Sai Charan Putrevu , Raghu Vamshi Hemadri , Siddharth Garg , Ramesh Karri

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs), particularly those enhanced through reinforced post-training, have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, as exemplified by models such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1. However, these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Miho Koda , Yu Zheng , Ruixian Ma , Mingyang Sun , Devesh Pansare , Fabio Duarte , Paolo Santi

Large language model (LLM) safety classifiers such as Llama Guard are effective at detecting overtly harmful prompts but remain vulnerable to adversarial jailbreak attacks that disguise malicious intent through role-play scenarios,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lixing Lin , Juli You , Yue Li , Luyun Lin , Yiqing Wang , Zhen Zhang , Moxuan Zheng

Benchmarks are the de facto standard for tracking progress in large language models (LLMs), yet static test sets can rapidly saturate, become vulnerable to contamination, and are costly to refresh. Scalable evaluation of open-ended items…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yandan Zheng , Haoran Luo , Zhenghong Lin , Wenjin Liu , Luu Anh Tuan

Front-end web code has become a core product surface for every frontier LLM release, yet evaluating these interactive applications at development speed remains costly because human-judged leaderboards like Arena do not scale. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Haoyue Yang , Zhangxiao Shen , Fan Ding , Hangting Lou , Yifeng Kou , Haoqing Yu , Jingyao Li , Zhengfan Wu , Siqi Bao , Jing Liu , Hua Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly susceptible to jailbreak attacks, which are adversarial prompts that bypass alignment constraints and induce unauthorized or harmful behaviors. These vulnerabilities undermine the safety,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Javad Forough , Mohammad Maheri , Hamed Haddadi

Application designers have moved to integrate large language models (LLMs) into their products. However, many LLM-integrated applications are vulnerable to prompt injections. While attempts have been made to address this problem by building…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Dennis Jacob , Hend Alzahrani , Zhanhao Hu , Basel Alomair , David Wagner

Achieving robust safety alignment in large language models (LLMs) while preserving their utility remains a fundamental challenge. Existing approaches often struggle to balance comprehensive safety with fine-grained controllability at the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Huizhen Shu , Xuying Li , Zhuo Li