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Most medical image lesion segmentation methods rely on hand-crafted accurate annotations of the original image for supervised learning. Recently, a series of weakly supervised or unsupervised methods have been proposed to reduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Jiawei Chen , Dingkang Yang , Yuxuan Lei , Lihua Zhang

The application of deep learning to medical image segmentation has been hampered due to the lack of abundant pixel-level annotated data. Few-shot Semantic Segmentation (FSS) is a promising strategy for breaking the deadlock. However, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Xiaoang Shen , Guokai Zhang , Huilin Lai , Jihao Luo , Jianwei Lu , Ye Luo

Existing works on semantic segmentation typically consider a small number of labels, ranging from tens to a few hundreds. With a large number of labels, training and evaluation of such task become extremely challenging due to correlation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Yufei Wang , Zhe Lin , Xiaohui Shen , Jianming Zhang , Scott Cohen

Pixel-wise annotations are notoriously labourious and costly to obtain in the medical domain. To mitigate this burden, weakly supervised approaches based on bounding box annotations-much easier to acquire-offer a practical alternative.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Mélanie Gaillochet , Mehrdad Noori , Sahar Dastani , Christian Desrosiers , Hervé Lombaert

Medical image annotation is a major hurdle for developing precise and robust machine learning models. Annotation is expensive, time-consuming, and often requires expert knowledge, particularly in the medical field. Here, we suggest using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Holger R Roth , Dong Yang , Ziyue Xu , Xiaosong Wang , Daguang Xu

Semantic segmentation is a critical task in computer vision aiming to identify and classify individual pixels in an image, with numerous applications in for example autonomous driving and medical image analysis. However, semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Halil Ibrahim Aysel , Xiaohao Cai , Adam Prügel-Bennett

Semantic segmentation is the task of classifying each pixel in an image. Training a segmentation model achieves best results using annotated images, where each pixel is annotated with the corresponding class. When obtaining fine annotations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jort de Jong , Mike Holenderski

Automated nodule segmentation is essential for computer-assisted diagnosis in ultrasound images. Nevertheless, most existing methods depend on precise pixel-level annotations by medical professionals, a process that is both costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Xingyue Zhao , Peiqi Li , Xiangde Luo , Meng Yang , Shi Chang , Zhongyu Li

Current state-of-the-art supervised deep learning-based segmentation approaches have demonstrated superior performance in medical image segmentation tasks. However, such supervised approaches require fully annotated pixel-level ground-truth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Hyun-Jic Oh , Kanggeun Lee , Won-Ki Jeong

Noisy labels, inevitably existing in pseudo segmentation labels generated from weak object-level annotations, severely hampers model optimization for semantic segmentation. Previous works often rely on massive hand-crafted losses and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Shenwang Jiang , Jianan Li , Ying Wang , Wenxuan Wu , Jizhou Zhang , Bo Huang , Tingfa Xu

Semantic segmentation of electron microscopy (EM) images of biological samples remains a challenge in the life sciences. EM data captures details of biological structures, sometimes with such complexity that even human observers can find it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Sheida Rahnamai Kordasiabi , Damian Dalle Nogare , Florian Jug

Medical image segmentation is inherently uncertain. For a given image, there may be multiple plausible segmentation hypotheses, and physicians will often disagree on lesion and organ boundaries. To be suited to real-world application,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 João Lourenço Silva , Arlindo L. Oliveira

In the field of semi-supervised medical image segmentation, the shortage of labeled data is the fundamental problem. How to effectively learn image features from unlabeled images to improve segmentation accuracy is the main research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Zhanhong Qiu , Haitao Gan , Ming Shi , Zhongwei Huang , Zhi Yang

State-of-the-art methods for semantic segmentation are based on deep neural networks trained on large-scale labeled datasets. Acquiring such datasets would incur large annotation costs, especially for dense pixel-level prediction tasks like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Lile Cai , Xun Xu , Lining Zhang , Chuan-Sheng Foo

Accurate segmentation of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring retinal diseases. However, the labor-intensive nature of pixel-level annotation limits the scalability of supervised learning for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jiaqi Yang , Nitish Mehta , Xiaoling Hu , Chao Chen , Chia-Ling Tsai

Nodule segmentation from breast ultrasound images is challenging yet essential for the diagnosis. Weakly-supervised segmentation (WSS) can help reduce time-consuming and cumbersome manual annotation. Unlike existing weakly-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Yuhao Huang , Xin Yang , Yuxin Zou , Chaoyu Chen , Jian Wang , Haoran Dou , Nishant Ravikumar , Alejandro F Frangi , Jianqiao Zhou , Dong Ni

Rich and accurate medical image segmentation is poised to underpin the next generation of AI-defined clinical practice by delineating critical anatomy for pre-operative planning, guiding real-time intra-operative navigation, and supporting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Junwen Wang , Oscar MacCormac , William Rochford , Aaron Kujawa , Jonathan Shapey , Tom Vercauteren

Learning segmentation from noisy labels is an important task for medical image analysis due to the difficulty in acquiring highquality annotations. Most existing methods neglect the pixel correlation and structural prior in segmentation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Shuailin Li , Zhitong Gao , Xuming He

Deep learning has achieved impressive results in nuclei segmentation, but the massive requirement for pixel-wise labels remains a significant challenge. To alleviate the annotation burden, existing methods generate pseudo masks for model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Ziyue Wang , Ye Zhang , Yifeng Wang , Linghan Cai , Yongbing Zhang

The rapid development of deep learning has made a great progress in image segmentation, one of the fundamental tasks of computer vision. However, the current segmentation algorithms mostly rely on the availability of pixel-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Wei Shen , Zelin Peng , Xuehui Wang , Huayu Wang , Jiazhong Cen , Dongsheng Jiang , Lingxi Xie , Xiaokang Yang , Qi Tian