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Training data has been proven to be one of the most critical components in training generative AI. However, obtaining high-quality data remains challenging, with data privacy issues presenting a significant hurdle. To address the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Jia-Chen Zhang , Zheng Zhou , Yu-Jie Xiong , Chun-Ming Xia , Fei Dai

Diffusion models show promising generation capability for a variety of data. Despite their high generation quality, the inference for diffusion models is still time-consuming due to the numerous sampling iterations required. To accelerate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Kexun Zhang , Xianjun Yang , William Yang Wang , Lei Li

Score-based diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performance for inverse problems, but their practical deployment is hindered by long inference times and cumbersome hyperparameter tuning. While pretrained diffusion models can be reused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Julio Oscanoa , Irmak Sivgin , Cagan Alkan , Daniel Ennis , John Pauly , Mert Pilanci , Shreyas Vasanawala

Ensuring fairness in machine learning remains a significant challenge, as models often inherit biases from their training data. Generative models have recently emerged as a promising approach to mitigate bias at the data level while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Emmanouil Panagiotou , Benoît Ronval , Arjun Roy , Ludwig Bothmann , Bernd Bischl , Siegfried Nijssen , Eirini Ntoutsi

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative frameworks by progressively adding noise to data through a forward process and then reversing this process to generate realistic samples. While these models have achieved strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xingzhuo Guo , Yu Zhang , Baixu Chen , Haoran Xu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

While most ML models expect independent and identically distributed data, this assumption is often violated in real-world scenarios due to distribution shifts, resulting in the degradation of machine learning model performance. Until now,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Kai Helli , David Schnurr , Noah Hollmann , Samuel Müller , Frank Hutter

Generative models, including diffusion and flow-based models, often exhibit systematic biases that degrade sample quality, particularly in high-dimensional settings. We revisit refinement methods and show that effective bias correction can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Xin Peng , Ang Gao

Inference-time controllable generation is essential for real-world applications of unconditional diffusion models. However, most existing techniques focus on individual samples, struggling in applications that require the sample population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hao Luan , See-Kiong Ng , Chun Kai Ling

Missing value imputation in machine learning is the task of estimating the missing values in the dataset accurately using available information. In this task, several deep generative modeling methods have been proposed and demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Shuhan Zheng , Nontawat Charoenphakdee

Tabular data generation has recently attracted a growing interest due to its different application scenarios. However, generating time series of tabular data, where each element of the series depends on the others, remains a largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Fabrizio Garuti , Enver Sangineto , Simone Luetto , Lorenzo Forni , Rita Cucchiara

Diffusion/score-based models have recently emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse problems, including accelerated MRI reconstruction. While their flexibility allows decoupling the measurement model from the learned prior,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-15 Yaşar Utku Alçalar , Junno Yun , Mehmet Akçakaya

Discrete diffusion models have recently emerged as strong alternatives to autoregressive language models, matching their performance through large-scale training. However, inference-time control remains relatively underexplored. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Meihua Dang , Jiaqi Han , Minkai Xu , Kai Xu , Akash Srivastava , Stefano Ermon

Diffusion models produce high quality images but inference is costly due to many denoising steps and heavy matrix operations. We present DiffPro, a post-training, hardware-faithful framework that works with the exact integer kernels used in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Farhana Amin , Sabiha Afroz , Kanchon Gharami , Mona Moghadampanah , Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality samples and enhancing performance across diverse domains through Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG). However, the quality of generated samples is highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Ao Chen , Lihe Ding , Tianfan Xue

Diffusion models are state-of-the-art generative models, yet their samples often fail to satisfy application objectives such as safety constraints or domain-specific validity. Existing techniques for alignment require gradients, internal…

Diffusion models have shown promising generative capabilities across diverse domains, yet aligning their outputs with desired reward functions remains a challenge, particularly in cases where reward functions are non-differentiable. Some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xiner Li , Masatoshi Uehara , Xingyu Su , Gabriele Scalia , Tommaso Biancalani , Aviv Regev , Sergey Levine , Shuiwang Ji

Real-image super-resolution (Real-ISR) seeks to recover HR images from LR inputs with mixed, unknown degradations. While diffusion models surpass GANs in perceptual quality, they under-reconstruct high-frequency (HF) details due to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Seungho Choi , Jeahun Sung , Jihyong Oh

Score-based diffusion models have significantly advanced generative deep learning for image processing. Measurement conditioned models have also been applied to inverse problems such as CT reconstruction. However, the conventional approach,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-02-24 Matthew Tivnan , Dufan Wu , Quanzheng Li

Predictive modeling in engineering applications has long been dominated by bespoke models and small, siloed tabular datasets, limiting the applicability of large-scale learning approaches. Despite recent progress in tabular foundation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Lyle Regenwetter , Rosen Yu , Cyril Picard , Faez Ahmed

From a Bayesian perspective, score-based diffusion solves inverse problems through joint inference, embedding the likelihood with the prior to guide the sampling process. However, this formulation fails to explain its practical behavior:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hao Chen , Renzheng Zhang , Scott S. Howard