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The major challenge of offline RL is the distribution shift that appears when out-of-distribution actions are queried, which makes the policy improvement direction biased by extrapolation errors. Most existing methods address this problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Xiao Ma , Bingyi Kang , Zhongwen Xu , Min Lin , Shuicheng Yan

Clustering and prediction are two primary tasks in the fields of unsupervised and supervised learning, respectively. Although much of the recent advances in machine learning have been centered around those two tasks, the interdependent,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Yifeng Shi , Christopher M. Bender , Junier B. Oliva , Marc Niethammer

Recent self-supervised learning approaches focus on using a few thousand data points to learn policies for high-level, low-dimensional action spaces. However, scaling this framework for high-dimensional control require either scaling up the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Adithyavairavan Murali , Lerrel Pinto , Dhiraj Gandhi , Abhinav Gupta

Continually solving new, unsolved tasks is the key to learning diverse behaviors. Through reinforcement learning (RL), we have made massive strides towards solving tasks that have a single goal. However, in the multi-task domain, where an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Yunzhi Zhang , Pieter Abbeel , Lerrel Pinto

Lifelong learning is critical for embodied agents in open-world environments, where reinforcement learning fine-tuning has emerged as an important paradigm to enable Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models to master dexterous manipulation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Qixin Zeng , Shuo Zhang , Hongyin Zhang , Renjie Wang , Han Zhao , Libang Zhao , Runze Li , Donglin Wang , Chao Huang

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has shown its promising capabilities to learn optimal policies directly from trial and error. However, learning can be hindered if the goal of the learning, defined by the reward function, is "not optimal".…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Yizheng Zhang , Andre Rosendo

Many sequential decision-making tasks involve optimizing multiple conflicting objectives, requiring policies that adapt to different user preferences. In multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL), one widely studied approach} addresses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ying-Tu Chen , Wei Hung , Bing-Shu Wu , Zhang-Wei Hong , Ping-Chun Hsieh

Goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL) with sparse rewards remains a fundamental challenge in reinforcement learning. While hindsight experience replay (HER) has shown promise by relabeling collected trajectories with achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Xing Lei , Wenyan Yang , Kaiqiang Ke , Shentao Yang , Xuetao Zhang , Joni Pajarinen , Donglin Wang

Multi-image reasoning and grounding require understanding complex cross-image relationships at both object levels and image levels. Current Large Visual Language Models (LVLMs) face two critical challenges: the lack of cross-image reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Lihao Zheng , Jiawei Chen , Xintian Shen , Hao Ma , Tao Wei

Models initialized from self-supervised pretraining may suffer from poor alignment with downstream tasks, reducing the extent to which subsequent fine-tuning can adapt pretrained features toward downstream objectives. To mitigate this, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Gustav Wagner Zakarias , Lars Kai Hansen , Zheng-Hua Tan

Unsupervised and self-supervised objectives, such as next token prediction, have enabled pre-training generalist models from large amounts of unlabeled data. In reinforcement learning (RL), however, finding a truly general and scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Seohong Park , Tobias Kreiman , Sergey Levine

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to infer an agent's preferences (represented as a reward function $R$) from their behaviour (represented as a policy $\pi$). To do this, we need a behavioural model of how $\pi$ relates to $R$. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Joar Skalse , Alessandro Abate

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) on mathematics and programming tasks, but standard approaches that optimize single-attempt accuracy can inadvertently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Devan Shah , Owen Yang , Daniel Yang , Chongyi Zheng , Benjamin Eysenbach

In this paper, we investigate the problem of how to effectively master tool-use to solve complex visual reasoning tasks for Multimodal Large Language Models. To achieve that, we propose a novel Tool-supervised Reinforcement Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Qihua Dong , Gozde Sahin , Pei Wang , Zhaowei Cai , Robik Shrestha , Hao Yang , Davide Modolo

Reinforcement learning (RL) solves sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error process interacting with the environment. While RL achieves outstanding success in playing complex video games that allow huge trial-and-error,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Fan-Ming Luo , Tian Xu , Hang Lai , Xiong-Hui Chen , Weinan Zhang , Yang Yu

A pervasive challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL) is the "curse of dimensionality" which is the exponential growth in the state-action space when optimizing a high-dimensional target task. The framework of curriculum learning trains the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Mingxuan Li , Junzhe Zhang , Elias Bareinboim

Safe reinforcement learning (Safe RL) refers to a class of techniques that aim to prevent RL algorithms from violating constraints in the process of decision-making and exploration during trial and error. In this paper, a novel model-free…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-14 Homayoun Honari , Mehran Ghafarian Tamizi , Homayoun Najjaran

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is effective for multi-echelon combinatorial supply chain optimisation, where tasks involve high dimensionality, uncertainty, and competing objectives. However, its deployment in dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Rifny Rachman , Josh Tingey , Richard Allmendinger , Wei Pan , Pradyumn Shukla , Bahrul Ilmi Nasution

The aim of Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is to infer a reward function $R$ from a policy $\pi$. To do this, we need a model of how $\pi$ relates to $R$. In the current literature, the most common models are optimality, Boltzmann…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Joar Skalse , Alessandro Abate

Scaling up self-supervised learning has driven breakthroughs in language and vision, yet comparable progress has remained elusive in reinforcement learning (RL). In this paper, we study building blocks for self-supervised RL that unlock…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kevin Wang , Ishaan Javali , Michał Bortkiewicz , Tomasz Trzciński , Benjamin Eysenbach