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AI agents hold the potential to revolutionize scientific productivity by automating literature reviews, replicating experiments, analyzing data, and even proposing new directions of inquiry; indeed, there are now many such agents, ranging…

The rapid growth of scientific literature demands robust tools for automated survey-generation. However, current large language model (LLM)-based methods often lack in-depth analysis, structural coherence, and reliable citations. To address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xiaofeng Shi , Qian Kou , Yuduo Li , Ning Tang , Jinxin Xie , Longbin Yu , Songjing Wang , Hua Zhou

Agent-based simulation is an indispensable paradigm for studying complex systems. These systems can comprise billions of agents, requiring the computing resources of multiple servers to simulate. Unfortunately, the state-of-the-art…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Lukas Breitwieser , Ahmad Hesam , Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı , Mohammad Sadrosadati , Fons Rademakers , Onur Mutlu

Agent-based modeling is indispensable for studying complex systems across many domains. However, existing simulation platforms exhibit two major issues: performance and modularity. Low performance prevents simulations with a large number of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Lukas Johannes Breitwieser

Large language models (LLMs) show promise for healthcare question answering, but clinical use is limited by weak verification, insufficient evidence grounding, and unreliable confidence signalling. We propose a multi-agent medical QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Naeimeh Nourmohammadi , Md Meem Hossain , The Anh Han , Safina Showkat Ara , Zia Ush Shamszaman

We introduce a novel large language model (LLM)-driven agent framework, which iteratively refines queries and filters contextual evidence by leveraging dynamically evolving knowledge. A defining feature of the system is its decoupling of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Seyoung Song

The adoption of machine learning (ML) and deep learning methods has revolutionized molecular medicine by driving breakthroughs in genomics, transcriptomics, drug discovery, and biological systems modeling. The increasing quantity,…

Comprehending genomic information is essential for biomedical research, yet extracting data from complex distributed databases remains challenging. Large language models (LLMs) offer potential for genomic Question Answering (QA) but face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Kimia Abedini , Farzad Shami , Gianmaria Silvello

Motivation: Agent-based modeling is an indispensable tool for studying complex biological systems. However, existing simulators do not always take full advantage of modern hardware and often have a field-specific software design. Results:…

Building effective clinical decision support systems requires the synthesis of complex heterogeneous multimodal data. Such modalities include temporal electronic health records data, medical images, radiology reports, and clinical notes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Baraa Al Jorf , Farah E. Shamout

Complex medical reasoning has historically required frontier language models to achieve clinically-acceptable accuracy, creating computational barriers that limit deployment in resource-constrained clinical settings. We present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Pranav Pushkar Mishra , Mohammad Arvan , Mohan Zalake

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential as agents for tool invocation due to their advanced comprehension and planning capabilities. Users increasingly rely on LLM-based agents to solve complex missions through iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Spatial transcriptomics assays are rapidly increasing in scale and complexity, making computational analysis a major bottleneck in biological discovery. Although frontier AI agents have improved dramatically at software engineering and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Kenny Workman , Zhen Yang , Harihara Muralidharan , Hannah Le

LLM-based reasoning models have enabled the development of agentic systems that act as co-scientists, assisting in multi-step scientific analysis. However, evaluating these systems is challenging, as it requires realistic, end-to-end…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Siba Smarak Panigrahi , Jovana Videnović , Maria Brbić

From professional research to everyday planning, many tasks are bottlenecked by wide-scale information seeking, which is more repetitive than cognitively complex. With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), automated search…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Ryan Wong , Jiawei Wang , Junjie Zhao , Li Chen , Yan Gao , Long Zhang , Xuan Zhou , Zuo Wang , Kai Xiang , Ge Zhang , Wenhao Huang , Yang Wang , Ke Wang

Deep research -- producing comprehensive, citation-grounded reports by searching and synthesizing information from hundreds of live web sources -- marks an important frontier for agentic systems. To rigorously evaluate this ability, four…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Riya Dulepet , Qinglin Chen , Austin Xu , Zixuan Ke , Frederic Sala , Aws Albarghouthi , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Clinical decision-making requires nuanced reasoning over heterogeneous evidence and traceable justifications. While recent LLM multi-agent systems (MAS) show promise, they largely optimise for outcome accuracy while overlooking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Chaeeun Lee , T. Michael Yates , Pasquale Minervini , T. Ian Simpson

Artificial intelligence systems for scientific discovery have demonstrated remarkable potential, yet existing approaches remain largely proprietary and operate in batch-processing modes requiring hours per research cycle, precluding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Lukas Weidener , Marko Brkić , Mihailo Jovanović , Ritvik Singh , Chiara Baccin , Emre Ulgac , Alex Dobrin , Aakaash Meduri

The rapid growth of AI agent ecosystems is transforming how complex tasks are delegated and executed, creating a new challenge of identifying suitable agents for a given task. Unlike traditional tools, agent capabilities are often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Bin Wu , Arastun Mammadli , Xiaoyu Zhang , Emine Yilmaz

Leveraging Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to accelerate frontier scientific research is promising, yet how to rigorously evaluate such systems remains unclear. Existing benchmarks mainly focus on single-document understanding,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lei Xiong , Huaying Yuan , Zheng Liu , Zhao Cao , Zhicheng Dou