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Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in real-time voice chat applications, typically in combination with text-to-speech (TTS) systems to generate audio responses. However, their large size often leads to noticeable latency between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Shufan Li , Aditya Grover

For sequence transduction tasks like speech recognition, a strong structured prior model encodes rich information about the target space, implicitly ruling out invalid sequences by assigning them low probability. In this work, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Wei-Ning Hsu , Ann Lee , Gabriel Synnaeve , Awni Hannun

Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional versatility in natural language processing, prompting recent efforts to extend their multimodal capabilities to speech processing through the development of audio large language models…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Ting Dang , Yan Gao , Hong Jia

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) enable general audio understanding and demonstrate remarkable performance across various audio tasks. However, these models still face challenges in temporal perception (e.g., inferring event onset and…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yanfeng Shi , Pengfei Cai , Jun Liu , Qing Gu , Nan Jiang , Lirong Dai , Ian McLoughlin , Yan Song

Speech large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a prominent research focus in speech processing. We introduce VocalNet-1B and VocalNet-8B, a series of high-performance, low-latency speech LLMs enabled by a scalable and model-agnostic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yuhao Wang , Heyang Liu , Ziyang Cheng , Ronghua Wu , Qunshan Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise for capturing contextual information in natural language processing tasks. We propose a novel approach to speaker diarization that incorporates the prowess of LLMs to exploit contextual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-15 Tae Jin Park , Kunal Dhawan , Nithin Koluguri , Jagadeesh Balam

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a groundbreaking technology and their unparalleled text generation capabilities have sparked interest in their application to the fundamental sentence representation learning task.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Huiming Wang , Zhaodonghui Li , Liying Cheng , Soh De Wen , Lidong Bing

Dynamic languages (such as Python and JavaScript) offer flexibility and simplified type handling for programming, but this can also lead to an increase in type-related errors and additional overhead for compile-time type inference. As a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Teyu Lin , Minghao Fan , Huaxun Huang , Zhirong Shen , Rongxin Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are emerging as everyday assistants, but their role as longitudinal virtual coaches is underexplored. This two-month single subject case study documents LLM guided half marathon preparation (July-September…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Kichang Lee

Multi-agent systems with smaller language models (SLMs) present a viable alternative to single agent systems powered by large language models (LLMs) for addressing complex problems. In this work, we study how these alternatives compare in…

Although text-based large language models exhibit human-level writing ability and remarkable intelligence, speech language models (SLMs) still struggle to generate semantically coherent outputs. There are several potential reasons for this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Hankun Wang , Haoran Wang , Yiwei Guo , Zhihan Li , Chenpeng Du , Kai Yu

Spoken language models (SLMs) that integrate speech with large language models (LMs) rely on modality adapters (MAs) to map the output of speech encoders to a representation that is understandable to the decoder LM. Yet we know very little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Tolúlopé Ògúnrèmí , Christopher D. Manning , Dan Jurafsky , Karen Livescu

Prosody contains rich information beyond the literal meaning of words, which is crucial for the intelligibility of speech. Current models still fall short in phrasing and intonation; they not only miss or misplace breaks when synthesizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Xiangheng He , Junjie Chen , Zixing Zhang , Björn W. Schuller

We investigate multi-stage pretraining for prosody modeling in diffusion-based TTS. A speaker-conditioned dual-stream encoder is trained with masked language modeling followed by SigLIP-style cross-modal contrastive learning using…

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have marked a huge leap in neural dialogue modeling. While PLMs are pre-trained on large-scale text corpora, they are usually fine-tuned on scarce dialogue data with specific domain knowledge and dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Xiaodong Gu , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-Woo Lee

Spoken semantic parsing (SSP) involves generating machine-comprehensible parses from input speech. Training robust models for existing application domains represented in training data or extending to new domains requires corresponding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Roshan Sharma , Suyoun Kim , Daniel Lazar , Trang Le , Akshat Shrivastava , Kwanghoon Ahn , Piyush Kansal , Leda Sari , Ozlem Kalinli , Michael Seltzer

Language models (LMs) for text data have been studied extensively for their usefulness in language generation and other downstream tasks. However, language modelling purely in the speech domain is still a relatively unexplored topic, with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Anurag Katakkar , Alan W Black

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have catalyzed the rise of reasoning-intensive inference paradigms, where models perform explicit step-by-step reasoning before generating final answers. While such approaches improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zichuan Fu , Xian Wu , Guojing Li , Yejing Wang , Yijun Chen , Zihao Zhao , Yixuan Luo , Hanyu Yan , Yefeng Zheng , Xiangyu Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, such as text generation and translation, among others. However, these models often generate texts that can perpetuate biases. Existing approaches to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shaina Raza , Oluwanifemi Bamgbose , Shardul Ghuge , Fatemeh Tavakol , Deepak John Reji , Syed Raza Bashir

Speech Large Language Models (Speech LLMs) have emerged as a crucial paradigm in recent years, extending the capabilities of traditional LLMs to speech tasks such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) and spoken dialogue modeling. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Phurich Saengthong , Boonnithi Jiaramaneepinit , Sheng Li , Manabu Okumura , Takahiro Shinozaki
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