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In recent years, simultaneous learning of multiple dense prediction tasks with partially annotated label data has emerged as an important research area. Previous works primarily focus on leveraging cross-task relations or conducting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Jingdong Zhang , Hanrong Ye , Xin Li , Wenping Wang , Dan Xu

How can we best encode structured data into sequential form for use in large language models (LLMs)? In this work, we introduce a parameter-efficient method to explicitly represent structured data for LLMs. Our method, GraphToken, learns an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Bryan Perozzi , Bahare Fatemi , Dustin Zelle , Anton Tsitsulin , Mehran Kazemi , Rami Al-Rfou , Jonathan Halcrow

Tokenization plays a critical role in language modeling, yet existing approaches such as Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) or WordPiece operate purely on frequency statistics, ignoring the underlying semantic structure of text. This leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu

With the widespread use of mobile phones and scanners to photograph and upload documents, the need for extracting the information trapped in unstructured document images such as retail receipts, insurance claim forms and financial invoices…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Shubham Paliwal , Vishwanath D , Rohit Rahul , Monika Sharma , Lovekesh Vig

One of the most important assets of any company is being able to easily access information on itself and on its business. In this line, it has been observed that this important information is often stored in one of the millions of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-03-02 Jácome Cunha , João Paulo Fernandes , Rui Pereira , João Saraiva

Span-based joint extraction simultaneously conducts named entity recognition (NER) and relation extraction (RE) in text span form. Recent studies have shown that token labels can convey crucial task-specific information and enrich token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Bin Ji , Shasha Li , Jie Yu , Jun Ma , Huijun Liu

A central challenge in science is to understand how systems behaviors emerge from complex networks. This often requires aggregating, reusing, and integrating heterogeneous information. Supplementary spreadsheets to articles are a key data…

Document-level relation extraction aims to extract relations among multiple entity pairs from a document. Previously proposed graph-based or transformer-based models utilize the entities independently, regardless of global information among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-27 Ningyu Zhang , Xiang Chen , Xin Xie , Shumin Deng , Chuanqi Tan , Mosha Chen , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Huajun Chen

Efficiently identifying keyphrases that represent a given document is a challenging task. In the last years, plethora of keyword detection approaches were proposed. These approaches can be based on statistical (frequency-based) properties…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Blaž Škrlj , Boshko Koloski , Senja Pollak

Graph-based convolutional model such as non-local block has shown to be effective for strengthening the context modeling ability in convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, its pixel-wise computational overhead is prohibitive which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Xiangtai Li , Xia Li , Ansheng You , Li Zhang , Guangliang Cheng , Kuiyuan Yang , Yunhai Tong , Zhouchen Lin

Legacy spreadsheets are both, an asset, and an enduring problem concerning spreadsheets in business. To make spreadsheets stay alive and remain correct, comprehension of a given spreadsheet is highly important. Visualization techniques…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2008-09-19 Karin Hodnigg , Roland T. Mittermeir

A mind-map is a diagram that represents the central concept and key ideas in a hierarchical way. Converting plain text into a mind-map will reveal its key semantic structure and be easier to understand. Given a document, the existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Mengting Hu , Honglei Guo , Shiwan Zhao , Hang Gao , Zhong Su

Large language models have evolved to process multiple modalities beyond text, such as images and audio, which motivates us to explore how to effectively leverage them for graph reasoning tasks. The key question, therefore, is how to…

Graph-based semi-supervised learning has proven to be an effective approach for query-focused multi-document summarization. The problem of previous semi-supervised learning is that sentences are ranked without considering the higher level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-01-03 Jiwei Li , Sujian Li

Representing structured text from complex documents typically calls for different machine learning techniques, such as language models for paragraphs and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for table extraction, which prohibits drawing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Thomas Roland Barillot , Jacob Saks , Polena Lilyanova , Edward Torgas , Yachen Hu , Yuanqing Liu , Varun Balupuri , Paul Gaskell

This paper presents a toolkit for spreadsheet visualization based on logical areas, semantic classes and data modules. Logical areas, semantic classes and data modules are abstract representations of spreadsheet programs that are meant to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-02-28 Markus Clermont

Event extraction, the technology that aims to automatically get the structural information from documents, has attracted more and more attention in many fields. Most existing works discuss this issue with the token-level multi-label…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Zhuo Xu , Yue Wang , Lu Bai , Lixin Cui

Learning the right graph representation from noisy, multisource data has garnered significant interest in recent years. A central tenet of this problem is relational learning. Here the objective is to incorporate the partial information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-15 Rajmonda Caceres , Kevin Carter , Jeremy Kun

Tables have been an ever-existing structure to store data. There exist now different approaches to store tabular data physically. PDFs, images, spreadsheets, and CSVs are leading examples. Being able to parse table structures and extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Susie Xi Rao , Johannes Rausch , Peter Egger , Ce Zhang

Table Detection has become a fundamental task for visually rich document understanding with the surging number of electronic documents. However, popular public datasets widely used in related studies have inherent limitations, including…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Bin Xiao , Murat Simsek , Burak Kantarci , Ala Abu Alkheir