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This paper documents a case study in agent-driven autonomous reinforcement learning research for quadruped locomotion. The setting was not a fully self-starting research system. A human provided high-level directives through an agentic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Nimesh Khandelwal , Shakti S. Gupta

Agentic systems are modern software systems: they consist of orchestrated modules, expose interfaces, and are deployed in software pipelines. Unlike conventional programs, their execution, i.e., trajectories, is inherently stochastic and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shuyang Liu , Yang Chen , Rahul Krishna , Saurabh Sinha , Jatin Ganhotra , Reyhan Jabbarvand

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are evolving beyond passive tools into autonomous agents capable of reasoning, adapting, and acting with minimal human intervention. Despite their growing presence, a structured framework is lacking to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Christopher Wissuchek , Patrick Zschech

Role-playing with large language models is fundamentally a session-level task, requiring agents to sustain character identity and interaction quality across extended multi-turn conversations. Yet existing evaluation and optimization methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Rongsheng Zhang , Jiji Tang , Junnan Ren , Zuyi Bao , Weijie Chen , Ruofan Hu , Zhou Zhao , Tangjie Lv , Yan Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong coding capabilities but still struggle to solve competitive programming problems correctly in a single attempt. Execution-based re-ranking offers a promising test-time scaling strategy,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zeyao Ma , Jing Zhang , Xiaokang Zhang , Jiaxi Yang , Zongmeng Zhang , Jiajun Zhang , Yuheng Jing , Lei Zhang , Hao Zheng , Wenting Zhao , Junyang Lin , Binyuan Hui

A major challenge in autonomous vehicle research is modeling agent behaviors, which has critical applications including constructing realistic and reliable simulations for off-board evaluation and forecasting traffic agents motion for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Zhenghao Peng , Wenjie Luo , Yiren Lu , Tianyi Shen , Cole Gulino , Ari Seff , Justin Fu

Parameter identification for mechanistic Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) models underpins prediction and control in several applications, yet remains a manual and labor-intensive process: datasets are noisy and partial, models can be…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Saakaar Bhatnagar

Assessing soft skills such as empathy, ethical judgment, and communication is essential in competitive selection processes, yet human scoring is often inconsistent and biased. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have improved Automated Essay…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ryan Huynh , Frank Guerin , Alison Callwood

The rapid evolution of neural architectures - from multilayer perceptrons to large-scale Transformer-based models - has enabled language models (LLMs) to exhibit emergent agentic behaviours when equipped with memory, planning, and external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Andrejs Sorstkins , Josh Bailey , Dr Alistair Baron

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in games has gained significant momentum in recent years, enabling the creation of different agent behaviors that can transform a player's gaming experience. However, deploying RL agents in production…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 António Afonso , Iolanda Leite , Alessandro Sestini , Florian Fuchs , Konrad Tollmar , Linus Gisslén

The ongoing evolution of AI paradigms has propelled AI research into the agentic AI stage. Consequently, the focus of research has shifted from single agents and simple applications towards multi-agent autonomous decision-making and task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wei Zeng , Hengshu Zhu , Chuan Qin , Han Wu , Yihang Cheng , Sirui Zhang , Xiaowei Jin , Yinuo Shen , Zhenxing Wang , Feimin Zhong , Hui Xiong

Evaluating large language models (LLM) in clinical scenarios is crucial to assessing their potential clinical utility. Existing benchmarks rely heavily on static question-answering, which does not accurately depict the complex, sequential…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Samuel Schmidgall , Rojin Ziaei , Carl Harris , Eduardo Reis , Jeffrey Jopling , Michael Moor

Controlling energy systems usually involves manually designed policies for decision-making, which can be complex and time-consuming to develop. This process requires interdisciplinary collaboration among multiple domain experts, resulting…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-28 Alexander Sommer , Peter Bazan , Behnam Babaeian , Jonathan Fellerer , Warren B. Powell , Reinhard German

Large Language Models (LLMs) show potential as sequential decision-making agents, but their application is often limited due to a reliance on large, computationally expensive models. This creates a need to improve smaller models, yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Jim Dilkes , Vahid Yazdanpanah , Sebastian Stein

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements in natural language processing tasks, yet they encounter challenges in complex decision-making scenarios that require long-term reasoning and alignment with high-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Heng Dong , Kefei Duan , Chongjie Zhang

Leveraging multiple Large Language Models(LLMs) has proven effective for addressing complex, high-dimensional tasks, but current approaches often rely on static, manually engineered multi-agent configurations. To overcome these constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Xiaowen Ma , Chenyang Lin , Yao Zhang , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in healthcare, yet ensuring their ethical integrity and safety compliance remains a major barrier to clinical deployment. This work introduces a multi-agent refinement framework designed…

We study whether self-learning can scale LLM-based agents without relying on human-curated datasets or predefined rule-based rewards. Through controlled experiments in a search-agent setting, we identify two key determinants of scalable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wangtao Sun , Xiang Cheng , Jialin Fan , Yao Xu , Xing Yu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Drug discovery frequently loses momentum when data, expertise, and tools are scattered, slowing design cycles. To shorten this loop we built a hierarchical, tool using agent framework that automates molecular optimisation. A Principal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Atabey Ünlü , Phil Rohr , Ahmet Celebi

Embodied systems, where generative autonomous agents engage with the physical world through integrated perception, cognition, action, and advanced reasoning powered by large language models (LLMs), hold immense potential for addressing…