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Related papers: Sealing the Audit-Runtime Gap for LLM Skills

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With the advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), their application in Software Quality Assurance (SQA) has increased. However, the current focus of these applications is predominantly on ChatGPT. There remains a gap in understanding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Ratnadira Widyasari , David Lo , Lizi Liao

Large Language Models (LLMs) transform artificial intelligence, driving advancements in natural language understanding, text generation, and autonomous systems. The increasing complexity of their development and deployment introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Shenao Wang , Yanjie Zhao , Zhao Liu , Quanchen Zou , Haoyu Wang

Agent skills extend large language model (LLM) agents with reusable, program-like modules that define triggering conditions, procedural logic, and tool interactions. As these skills proliferate in public marketplaces, it is unclear what…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 George Ling , Shanshan Zhong , Richard Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot have revolutionized automated code generation in software engineering. However, as these models are increasingly utilized for software development, concerns have arisen…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Ahmad Mohsin , Helge Janicke , Adrian Wood , Iqbal H. Sarker , Leandros Maglaras , Naeem Janjua

The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has significantly advanced code completion capabilities, giving rise to a new generation of LLM-based Code Completion Tools (LCCTs). Unlike general-purpose LLMs, these tools possess…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Wen Cheng , Ke Sun , Xinyu Zhang , Wei Wang

The increasing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering has sparked interest in their use for software vulnerability detection. However, the rapid development of this field has resulted in a fragmented research…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Sabrina Kaniewski , Fabian Schmidt , Markus Enzweiler , Michael Menth , Tobias Heer

While new technologies emerge, human errors always looming. Software supply chain is increasingly complex and intertwined, the security of a service has become paramount to ensuring the integrity of products, safeguarding data privacy, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Vasileios Alevizos , George A Papakostas , Akebu Simasiku , Dimitra Malliarou , Antonis Messinis , Sabrina Edralin , Clark Xu , Zongliang Yue

An agent skill is a configuration package that equips an LLM-driven agent with a concrete capability, such as reading email, executing shell commands, or signing blockchain transactions. Each skill is a hybrid artifact-a structured half…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hongbo Wen , Ying Li , Hanzhi Liu , Chaofan Shou , Yanju Chen , Yuan Tian , Yu Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as core dependencies in software systems. However, the hosted LLM services evolve continuously through provider-side updates without explicit version changes. These silent updates can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mohd Sameen Chishti , Damilare Peter Oyinloye , Jingyue Li

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized software development through AI-assisted coding tools, enabling developers with limited programming expertise to create sophisticated applications. However, this accessibility extends to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Yifan Huang , Xiaojun Jia , Wenbo Guo , Yuqiang Sun , Yihao Huang , Chong Wang , Yang Liu

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enhanced software development processes, minimizing the time and effort required for coding and enhancing developer productivity. However, despite their potential benefits, code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Swaroop Dora , Deven Lunkad , Naziya Aslam , S. Venkatesan , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

Third-party skills extend LLM agents with powerful capabilities but often handle sensitive credentials in privileged environments, making leakage risks poorly understood. We present the first large-scale empirical study of this problem,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhihao Chen , Ying Zhang , Yi Liu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Yanjun Zhang , Jianting Ning , Leo Yu Zhang , Lei Ma , Zhiqiang Li

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, yet their application in hardware security verification remains limited due to scarcity of publicly available hardware description…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Touseef Hasan , Blessing Airehenbuwa , Nitin Pundir , Souvika Sarkar , Ujjwal Guin

As we increasingly depend on software systems, the consequences of breaches in the software supply chain become more severe. High-profile cyber attacks like those on SolarWinds and ShadowHammer have resulted in significant financial and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Tanmay Singla , Dharun Anandayuvaraj , Kelechi G. Kalu , Taylor R. Schorlemmer , James C. Davis

Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on reusable skills: capability packages that combine instructions, control flow, constraints, and tool calls. In current agent systems, however, skills are still represented by text-heavy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Qiliang Liang , Hansi Wang , Zhong Liang , Yang Liu

We are witnessing a bloom of AI-powered software driven by Large Language Models (LLMs). Although the applications of these LLMs are impressive and seemingly countless, their unreliability hinders adoption. In fact, the tendency of LLMs to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Vincenzo Scotti , Jan Keim , Tobias Hey , Andreas Metzger , Anne Koziolek , Raffaela Mirandola

Command injection vulnerabilities are a significant security threat in dynamic languages like Python, particularly in widely used open-source projects where security issues can have extensive impact. With the proven effectiveness of Large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Yuxuan Wang , Jingshu Chen , Qingyang Wang

The broad capabilities and substantial resources required to train Large Language Models (LLMs) make them valuable intellectual property, yet they remain vulnerable to copyright infringement, such as unauthorized use and model theft. LLM…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shuo Shao , Yiming Li , Yu He , Hongwei Yao , Wenyuan Yang , Dacheng Tao , Zhan Qin

Large Language Model (LLM) services such as ChatGPT, DALLE, and Cursor have quickly become essential for society, businesses, and individuals, empowering applications such as chatbots, image generation, and code assistance. The complexity…

With the growing popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineers' daily practices, it is important to ensure that the code generated by these tools is not only functionally correct but also free of vulnerabilities. Although…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Sajith Devareddy , Anna Muller