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Large language models (LLMs) are being widely applied across various fields, but as tasks become more complex, evaluating their responses is increasingly challenging. Compared to human evaluators, the use of LLMs to support performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yuran Li , Jama Hussein Mohamud , Chongren Sun , Di Wu , Benoit Boulet

Relevance and diversity are both important to the success of recommender systems, as they help users to discover from a large pool of items a compact set of candidates that are not only interesting but exploratory as well. The challenge is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Yifang Liu , Zhentao Xu , Qiyuan An , Yang Yi , Yanzhi Wang , Trevor Hastie

Whereas cognitive models of learning often assume direct experience with both the features of an event and with a true label or outcome, much of everyday learning arises from hearing the opinions of others, without direct access to either…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yun-Shiuan Chuang , Jerry Zhu , Timothy T. Rogers

The large language model (LLM)-as-judge paradigm has been used to meet the demand for a cheap, reliable, and fast evaluation of model outputs during AI system development and post-deployment monitoring. While judge models -- LLMs finetuned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Austin Xu , Srijan Bansal , Yifei Ming , Semih Yavuz , Shafiq Joty

Heterogeneous data are now ubiquitous in many applications in which correctly identifying the subgroups from a heterogeneous population is critical. Although there is an increasing body of literature on subgroup detection, existing methods…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-09 Jie Wu , Bo Zhang , Daoji Li , Zemin Zheng

LLM-as-judge systems promise scalable, consistent evaluation. We find the opposite: judges are consistent, but not with each other; they are consistent with themselves. Across 3,240 evaluations (9 judges x 120 unique video x pack items x 3…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Wajid Nasser

Preference learning has become the foundation of aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human intent. Popular methods, such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), minimize surrogate losses as proxies for the intractable pairwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

The comparison of alternative rankings of a set of items is a general and prominent task in applied statistics. Predictor variables are ranked according to magnitude of association with an outcome, prediction models rank subjects according…

Given the rapid progress of generative AI, there is a pressing need to systematically compare and choose between the numerous models and configurations available. The scale and versatility of such evaluations make the use of LLM-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Ariel Gera , Odellia Boni , Yotam Perlitz , Roy Bar-Haim , Lilach Eden , Asaf Yehudai

Large Language Model (LLM)-based judgments leverage powerful LLMs to efficiently evaluate candidate content and provide judgment scores. However, the inherent biases and vulnerabilities of LLM-generated judgments raise concerns,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Dawei Li , Zhen Tan , Chengshuai Zhao , Bohan Jiang , Baixiang Huang , Pingchuan Ma , Abdullah Alnaibari , Kai Shu , Huan Liu

Fairness-aware learning aims to mitigate discrimination against specific protected social groups (e.g., those categorized by gender, ethnicity, age) while minimizing predictive performance loss. Despite efforts to improve fairness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Kewen Peng , Yicheng Yang , Hao Zhuo

The literature on how large language models handle conflict between their training knowledge and a contradicting document presents a persistent empirical contradiction: some studies find models stubbornly retain their trained answers,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Pruthvinath Jeripity Venkata

Heterogeneous Information Network (HIN) embedding refers to the low-dimensional projections of the HIN nodes that preserve the HIN structure and semantics. HIN embedding has emerged as a promising research field for network analysis as it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Rayyan Ahmad Khan , Martin Kleinsteuber

Large language models are increasingly used as judges (LLM-as-a-judge) to evaluate model outputs at scale, but their assessments often diverge systematically from human judgments. We present Bridge, a unified statistical framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Felipe Maia Polo , Xinhe Wang , Mikhail Yurochkin , Gongjun Xu , Moulinath Banerjee , Yuekai Sun

Alignment with human preferences is commonly framed using a universal reward function, even though human preferences are inherently heterogeneous. We formalize this heterogeneity by introducing user types and examine the limits of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ali Shirali , Arash Nasr-Esfahany , Abdullah Alomar , Parsa Mirtaheri , Rediet Abebe , Ariel Procaccia

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being used more and more extensively for automated evaluation in various scenarios. Previous studies have attempted to fine-tune open-source LLMs to replicate the evaluation explanations and judgments of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Kaishuai Xu , Tiezheng Yu , Wenjun Hou , Yi Cheng , Liangyou Li , Xin Jiang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Wenjie Li

Recommender systems have played a critical role in many web applications to meet user's personalized interests and alleviate the information overload. In this survey, we review the development of recommendation frameworks with the focus on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Chao Huang

Expert finding is an important task in both industry and academia. It is challenging to rank candidates with appropriate expertise for various queries. In addition, different types of objects interact with one another, which naturally forms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Huan Gui , Qi Zhu , Liyuan Liu , Aston Zhang , Jiawei Han

RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) systems and web agents are increasingly evaluated on multi-hop deep search tasks, yet current practice suffers from two major limitations. First, most benchmarks leak the reasoning path in the question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Maojia Song , Renhang Liu , Xinyu Wang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou , Dorien Herremans , Soujanya Poria

Decoding-free reranking methods that read relevance signals directly from LLM attention weights offer significant latency advantages over autoregressive approaches, yet suffer from attention score homogenization: middle-context documents…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Juyuan Wang , Chenxing Wang , Yuchen Fang , Huiyun Hu , Junwu Du , Aolin Li , Shunlin Rong , Haijun Wu , Jin Xu , Ligang Liu , Dongliang Liao
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