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Existing large language models (LLMs) can only afford fix-sized inputs due to the input length limit, preventing them from utilizing rich long-context information from past inputs. To address this, we propose a framework, Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

In this paper, we study novel neural network structures to better model long term dependency in sequential data. We propose to use more memory units to keep track of more preceding states in recurrent neural networks (RNNs), which are all…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Rohollah Soltani , Hui Jiang

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), such as linear attention and state-space models, have gained popularity due to their constant per-token complexity when processing long contexts. However, these recurrent models struggle with tasks that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Xingyu Shen , Yingfa Chen , Zhen Leng Thai , Xu Han , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Deep learning models named transformers achieved state-of-the-art results in a vast majority of NLP tasks at the cost of increased computational complexity and high memory consumption. Using the transformer model in real-time inference…

Recurrent neural networks are effective models to process sequences. However, they are unable to learn long-term dependencies because of their inherent sequential nature. As a solution, Vaswani et al. introduced the Transformer, a model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Quentin Fournier , Gaétan Marceau Caron , Daniel Aloise

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a widely used deep architecture for sequence modeling, generation, and prediction. Despite success in applications such as machine translation and voice recognition, these stateful models have several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Ankur Mali , Alexander Ororbia , Daniel Kifer , Clyde Lee Giles

Despite the advantageous subquadratic complexity of modern recurrent deep learning models -- such as state-space models (SSMs) -- recent studies have highlighted their potential shortcomings compared to transformers on reasoning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Destiny Okpekpe , Antonio Orvieto

Transformers have reached remarkable success in sequence modeling. However, these models have efficiency issues as they need to store all the history token-level representations as memory. We present Memformer, an efficient neural network…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Qingyang Wu , Zhenzhong Lan , Kun Qian , Jing Gu , Alborz Geramifard , Zhou Yu

Transformer-based language models excel at both recall (retrieving memorized facts) and reasoning (performing multi-step inference), but whether these abilities rely on distinct internal mechanisms remains unclear. Distinguishing recall…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Harshwardhan Fartale , Ashish Kattamuri , Rahul Raja , Arpita Vats , Ishita Prasad , Akshata Kishore Moharir

Recurrent neural networks can learn complex transduction problems that require maintaining and actively exploiting a memory of their inputs. Such models traditionally consider memory and input-output functionalities indissolubly entangled.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Davide Bacciu , Antonio Carta , Alessandro Sperduti

The scaling law, which indicates that model performance improves with increasing dataset and model capacity, has fueled a growing trend in expanding recommendation models in both industry and academia. However, the advent of large-scale…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Qihang Yu , Kairui Fu , Zhaocheng Du , Yuxuan Si , Kaiyuan Li , Weihao Zhao , Zhicheng Zhang , Jieming Zhu , Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong , Shengyu Zhang , Kun Kuang , Fei Wu

Transformers have become the dominant architecture for sequence modeling by using self-attention to enable expressive and highly parallel processing. However, the resulting quadratic time and memory costs limit efficiency in long-context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Tristan Gaudreault , Yongyi Mao

Online continual learning (OCL) refers to the ability of a system to learn over time from a continuous stream of data without having to revisit previously encountered training samples. Learning continually in a single data pass is crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-23 German I. Parisi , Vincenzo Lomonaco

Machine learning systems perform well on pattern matching tasks, but their ability to perform algorithmic or logical reasoning is not well understood. One important reasoning capability is algorithmic extrapolation, in which models trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Arpit Bansal , Avi Schwarzschild , Eitan Borgnia , Zeyad Emam , Furong Huang , Micah Goldblum , Tom Goldstein

Recently, end-to-end sequence-to-sequence models for speech recognition have gained significant interest in the research community. While previous architecture choices revolve around time-delay neural networks (TDNN) and long short-term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Ngoc-Quan Pham , Thai-Son Nguyen , Jan Niehues , Markus Müller , Sebastian Stüker , Alexander Waibel

Temporal knowledge-graph data marketplaces face three coupled failures in static designs: stale hybrid index shortcuts reduce recall as edges evolve, stationary Shapley pricing misattributes value after distribution shifts, and…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Joydeep Chandra

Complex reasoning over text requires understanding and chaining together free-form predicates and logical connectives. Prior work has largely tried to do this either symbolically or with black-box transformers. We present a middle ground…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Jiangming Liu , Matt Gardner , Shay B. Cohen , Mirella Lapata

This paper addresses the problem of long-context linear system identification, where the state $x_t$ of a dynamical system at time $t$ depends linearly on previous states $x_s$ over a fixed context window of length $p$. We establish a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-03 Oğuz Kaan Yüksel , Mathieu Even , Nicolas Flammarion

Complex problems, whether in math, logic, or planning, are solved by humans through a sequence of steps where the result of one step informs the next. In this work, we adopt the perspective that the reasoning power of Transformers is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Mohan Tang , Sidi Lu

Recurrent Neural Networks have long been the dominating choice for sequence modeling. However, it severely suffers from two issues: impotent in capturing very long-term dependencies and unable to parallelize the sequential computation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-15 Zhiwei Wang , Yao Ma , Zitao Liu , Jiliang Tang
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