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Adaptive experiments automatically optimize their design throughout the data collection process, which can bring substantial benefits compared to conventional experimental settings. Potential applications include, among others: computerized…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-01 Lucas Gautheron , Nori Jacoby , Peter Harrison

The prevailing educational methods predominantly rely on traditional classroom instruction or online delivery, often limiting the teachers' ability to engage effectively with all the students simultaneously. A more intrinsic method of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Swati Chowdhuri , Satadip Saha , Samadrita Karmakar , Ankur Chanda

State-of-the-art Large Multi-Modal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in vision-language tasks. Despite their advanced functionalities, the performances of LMMs are still limited in challenging scenarios that require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Xuanyu Lei , Zonghan Yang , Xinrui Chen , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Instruction embedding models have become common among state-of-the-art models, however are evaluated using a single prompt per task. The single-point evaluation ignores a main problem of the instruction-based approach namely: sensitivity to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yevhen Kostiuk , Kenneth Enevoldsen

In this study, we introduce an innovative EEG signal reconstruction sub-module designed to enhance the performance of deep learning models on EEG eye-tracking tasks. This sub-module can integrate with all Encoder-Classifier-based deep…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Weigeng Li , Neng Zhou , Xiaodong Qu

Animals often receive information about errors and rewards after a significant delay. For example, there is typically a delay of tens to hundreds of milliseconds between motor actions and visual feedback. The standard approach to handling…

Imitation learning aims to mimic the behavior of experts without explicit reward signals. Passive imitation learning methods which use static expert datasets typically suffer from compounding error, low sample efficiency, and high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Xu-Hui Liu , Feng Xu , Xinyu Zhang , Tianyuan Liu , Shengyi Jiang , Ruifeng Chen , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu

Deploying foundation models in embodied edge systems is fundamentally a systems problem, not just a problem of model compression. Real-time control must operate within strict size, weight, and power constraints, where memory traffic,…

It is well established that not only vision but also other sensory modalities affect drivers' control of their vehicles, and that drivers adapt over time to persistent changes in sensory cues (for example in driving simulators), but the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-11-08 Gustav Markkula , Richard Romano , Rachel Waldram , Oscar Giles , Callum Mole , Richard Wilkie

This study examines how AI code assistants shape novice programmers experiences during a two-part exam in an introductory programming course. In the first part, students completed a programming task with access to AI support; in the second,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Sergio Rojas-Galeano , Julian Tejada , Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos

User representation modeling has become increasingly crucial for personalized applications, yet existing approaches struggle with generalizability across domains and sensitivity to noisy behavioral signals. We present InstructUE, an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Ziyi Gao , Yike Xu , Jiahao Yuan , Baokun Wang , Jinyong Wen , Xiaotong Lin , Yun Liu , Xing Fu , Yu Cheng , Yongchao Liu , Weiqiang Wang , Zhongle Xie

In machine learning practice, early stopping has been widely used to regularize models and can save computational costs by halting the training process when the model's performance on a validation set stops improving. However, conventional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Suqin Yuan , Runqi Lin , Lei Feng , Bo Han , Tongliang Liu

Decoding the attended speaker in a multi-speaker environment from electroencephalography (EEG) has attracted growing interest in recent years, with neuro-steered hearing devices as a driver application. Current approaches typically rely on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-05 Yuanyuan Yao , Simon Geirnaert , Tinne Tuytelaars , Alexander Bertrand

We introduce a new task called Adaptable Error Detection (AED), which aims to identify behavior errors in few-shot imitation (FSI) policies based on visual observations in novel environments. The potential to cause serious damage to…

The development of robust and generalisable models for encoding the spatio-temporal dynamics of human brain activity is crucial for advancing neuroscientific discoveries. However, significant individual variation in the organisation of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Simon Dahan , Logan Z. J. Williams , Yourong Guo , Daniel Rueckert , Emma C. Robinson

Adaptive prompting mechanisms have been proposed to enhance vision-language models by dynamically tailoring prompts to inputs. However, in frozen few-shot prompt learning with CLIP-style backbones, we systematically observe that adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yunxuan Fang , Ziwei Zhang , Xinhe Wang

We propose a novel active learning framework for activity recognition using wearable sensors. Our work is unique in that it takes physical and cognitive limitations of the oracle into account when selecting sensor data to be annotated by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Zhila Esna Ashari , Hassan Ghasemzadeh

We propose a Pretrained Finite Element Method (PFEM),a physics driven framework that bridges the efficiency of neural operator learning with the accuracy and robustness of classical finite element methods (FEM). PFEM consists of a physics…

Job interview anxiety is a prevalent challenge among university students and can undermine both performance and confidence in high-stakes evaluative situations. Social robots have shown promise in reducing anxiety through emotional support,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Wanqi Zhang , Jiangen He , Marielle Santos

Inference-time steering is widely regarded as a lightweight and parameter-free mechanism for controlling large language model (LLM) behavior, and prior work has often suggested that simple activation-level interventions can reliably induce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zikang Ding , Qiying Hu , Yi Zhang , Hongji Li , Junchi Yao , Hongbo Liu , Lijie Hu