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Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences is crucial for their deployment in real-world applications. Recent advancements in Self-Rewarding Language Models suggest that an LLM can use its internal reward models (such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Xin Zhou , Yiwen Guo , Ruotian Ma , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

With the advancement of natural language generation (NLG) technologies, creative story generation systems have gained increasing attention. However, current systems often fail to accurately translate user intent into satisfactory story…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yunchao Wang , Guodao Sun , Zihang Fu , Zhehao Liu , Kaixing Du , Haidong Gao , Ronghua Liang

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, noisy preferences in human feedback can lead to reward misgeneralization - a phenomenon where reward models learn spurious…

Deep Reinforcement Learning is widely used for aligning Large Language Models (LLM) with human preference. However, the conventional reward modelling is predominantly dependent on human annotations provided by a select cohort of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Dexun Li , Cong Zhang , Kuicai Dong , Derrick Goh Xin Deik , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to exhibit increasingly human-like capabilities, aligning them with human values has become critically important. Contemporary advanced techniques, such as prompt learning and reinforcement learning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Bangde Du , Ziyi Ye , Zhijing Wu , Jankowska Monika , Shuqi Zhu , Qingyao Ai , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu

Reward models (RMs) play a crucial role in Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback by serving as proxies for human preferences in aligning large language models. However, they suffer from various biases which could lead to reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Xiao Zhu , Chenmien Tan , Pinzhen Chen , Rico Sennrich , Huiming Wang , Yanlin Zhang , Hanxu Hu

Personalized alignment from preference data has focused primarily on improving personal reward model (RM) accuracy, with the implicit assumption that better preference ranking translates to better personalized behavior. However, in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Fady Rezk , Yuangang Pan , Chuan-Sheng Foo , Xun Xu , Nancy Chen , Henry Gouk , Timothy Hospedales

With the development of artificial intelligence, particularly the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), the quantity and quality of automatically generated stories have significantly increased. This has led to the need for automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Dingyi Yang , Qin Jin

We introduce StorySim, a programmable framework for synthetically generating stories to evaluate the theory of mind (ToM) and world modeling (WM) capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Unlike prior benchmarks that may suffer from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Nathaniel Getachew , Abulhair Saparov

Self-Rewarding Language Models propose an architecture in which the Large Language Models(LLMs) both generates responses and evaluates its own outputs via LLM-as-a-Judge prompting, dynamically improving its generative capabilities through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yidong Wang , Xin Wang , Cunxiang Wang , Junfeng Fang , Qiufeng Wang , Jianing Chu , Xuran Meng , Shuxun Yang , Libo Qin , Yue Zhang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Story generation has been a prominent application of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, understanding LLMs' ability to produce high-quality stories remains limited due to challenges in automatic evaluation methods and the high cost and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yi Wang , Max Kreminski

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has become a crucial technology for aligning language models with human values and intentions, enabling models to produce more helpful and harmless responses. Reward models are trained as…

Reward Models (RMs) are crucial for online alignment of language models (LMs) with human preferences. However, RM-based preference-tuning is vulnerable to reward hacking, whereby LM policies learn undesirable behaviors from flawed RMs. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Daniel Fein , Max Lamparth , Violet Xiang , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Nick Haber

Reward models (RMs) are crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. They are trained using preference datasets where each example consists of one input prompt, two responses, and a preference label. As curating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jiaming Shen , Ran Xu , Yennie Jun , Zhen Qin , Tianqi Liu , Carl Yang , Yi Liang , Simon Baumgartner , Michael Bendersky

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) often fail to align with human preferences, leading to issues like generating misleading content without proper visual context (also known as hallucination). A promising solution to this problem is using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Chenglong Wang , Yang Gan , Yifu Huo , Yongyu Mu , Murun Yang , Qiaozhi He , Tong Xiao , Chunliang Zhang , Tongran Liu , Quan Du , Di Yang , Jingbo Zhu

Recent advances in speech language models, such as GPT-4o Voice Mode and Gemini Live, have demonstrated promising speech generation capabilities. Nevertheless, the aesthetic naturalness of the synthesized audio still lags behind that of…

Automated storytelling has long captured the attention of researchers for the ubiquity of narratives in everyday life. However, it is challenging to maintain coherence and stay on-topic toward a specific ending when generating narratives…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Xiangyu Peng , Kaige Xie , Amal Alabdulkarim , Harshith Kayam , Samihan Dani , Mark O. Riedl

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly interact with external tools, reward modeling for tool use has emerged as a critical yet underexplored area of research. Existing reward models, trained primarily on natural language outputs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Mayank Agarwal , Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Kinjal Basu , Merve Unuvar , Luis A. Lastras , Yara Rizk , Pavan Kapanipathi

Personalized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to produce user-tailored responses by incorporating retrieved user profiles alongside the input query. Existing methods primarily focus on improving retrieval and rely on large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Kepu Zhang , Teng Shi , Weijie Yu , Jun Xu

Reward models (RMs) are central to aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values but have received less attention than pretrained and post-trained LLMs themselves. Because RMs are initialized from LLMs, they inherit…