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Interest is rising in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) as a mesh-free alternative to traditional numerical solvers for partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINNs often struggle to learn high-frequency and multi-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Madison Cooley , Varun Shankar , Robert M. Kirby , Shandian Zhe

In the recent years, Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have received strong interest as a method to solve PDE driven systems, in particular for data assimilation purpose. This method is still in its infancy, with many shortcomings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Nilo Schwencke , Cyril Furtlehner

In this study, we utilize the emerging Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) approach for the first time to predict the flow field of a compressor cascade. Different from conventional training methods, a new adaptive learning strategy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Zhihui Li , Francesco Montomoli , Sanjiv Sharma

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) present a transformative approach for smart grid modeling by integrating physical laws directly into learning frameworks, addressing critical challenges of data scarcity and physical consistency in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Julen Cestero , Carmine Delle Femine , Kenji S. Muro , Marco Quartulli , Marcello Restelli

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) often suffer from slow convergence, training instability, and reduced accuracy on challenging partial differential equations due to the anisotropic and rapidly varying geometry of their loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Kang An , Chenhao Si , Shiqian Ma , Ming Yan

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) train a single neural approximation by minimizing multiple physics- and data-derived losses, but the gradients of these losses often interfere and can stall optimization. Existing remedies typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bum Jun Kim , Gnankan Landry Regis N'guessan

In solving partial differential equations (PDEs), machine learning utilizing physical laws has received considerable attention owing to advantages such as mesh-free solutions, unsupervised learning, and feasibility for solving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Tetsuro Tsuchino , Motoki Shiga

We propose an adaptive sampling method for the training of Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) which allows for sampling based on an arbitrary problem-specific heuristic which may depend on the network and its gradients. In particular…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-08 Kevin Buck , Woojeong Kim

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have attracted considerable attention for their ability to integrate partial differential equation priors into deep learning frameworks; however, they often exhibit limited predictive accuracy when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ze Tao , Hanxuan Wang , Fujun Liu

This article proposes a data-driven PID controller design based on the principle of adaptive gain optimization, leveraging Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) generated for predictive modeling purposes. The proposed control design…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-09 Junsei Ito , Yasuaki Wasa

While the popularity of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is steadily rising, to this date, PINNs have not been successful in simulating multi-scale and singular perturbation problems. In this work, we present a new training paradigm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Zhiwei Fang , Sifan Wang , Paris Perdikaris

While Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are powerful for solving Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), their training is often paralyzed by gradient pathology. The gradients from the PDE residuals and boundary constraints oppose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yichen Luo , Peiyu Zhu , Dongxiao Hu , Jia Wang , Tailin Wu , Dapeng Lan , Yu Liu , Zhibo Pang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a prominent approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by minimizing a combined loss function that incorporates both boundary loss and PDE residual loss. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Youngsik Hwang , Dong-Young Lim

In this study, we present and validate the predictive capability of the Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) methodology for solving a variety of engineering and biological dynamical systems governed by ordinary differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Tyrus Whitman , Andrew Particka , Christopher Diers , Ian Griffin , Charuka Wickramasinghe , Pradeep Ranaweera

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a novel and popular approach for solving forward and inverse problems involving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, achieving stable training and obtaining…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-05-28 Wenbo Cao , Weiwei Zhang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising approach to solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using neural networks, particularly in data-scarce scenarios, due to their unsupervised training capability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Edgar Torres , Jonathan Schiefer , Mathias Niepert

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) offer a promising avenue for tackling both forward and inverse problems in partial differential equations (PDEs) by incorporating deep learning with fundamental physics principles. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Hemanth Saratchandran , Shin-Fang Chng , Simon Lucey

A significant increase in renewable energy production is necessary to achieve the UN's net-zero emission targets for 2050. Using power-electronic controllers, such as Phase Locked Loops (PLLs), to keep grid-tied renewable resources in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-23 Rahul Nellikkath , Andreas Venzke , Mohammad Kazem Bakhshizadeh , Ilgiz Murzakhanov , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

Physics intelligence and digital twins often require rapid and repeated performance evaluation of various engineering systems (e.g. robots, autonomous vehicles, semiconductor chips) to enable (almost) real-time actions or decision making.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yequan Zhao , Xinling Yu , Xian Xiao , Zhixiong Chen , Ziyue Liu , Geza Kurczveil , Raymond G. Beausoleil , Sijia Liu , Zheng Zhang

In this paper, we propose the augmented physics-informed neural network (APINN), which adopts soft and trainable domain decomposition and flexible parameter sharing to further improve the extended PINN (XPINN) as well as the vanilla PINN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Zheyuan Hu , Ameya D. Jagtap , George Em Karniadakis , Kenji Kawaguchi