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While environmental, social, and governance (ESG) trading activity has been a distinctive feature of financial markets, the debate if ESG scores can also convey information regarding a company's riskiness remains open. Regulatory…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-11-10 Karoline Bax , Özge Sahin , Claudia Czado , Sandra Paterlini

Expected shortfall (ES), also known as conditional value-at-risk, is a widely recognized risk measure that complements value-at-risk by capturing tail-related risks more effectively. Compared with quantile regression, which has been…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-13 Myeonghun Yu , Kean Ming Tan , Huixia Judy Wang , Wen-Xin Zhou

Tail risk protection is in the focus of the financial industry and requires solid mathematical and statistical tools, especially when a trading strategy is derived. Recent hype driven by machine learning (ML) mechanisms has raised the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-08-25 Bruno Spilak , Wolfgang Karl Härdle

Incorporating environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations into systematic investments has drawn numerous attention recently. In this paper, we focus on the ESG events in financial news flow and exploring the predictive power…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-05-07 Tian Guo , Nicolas Jamet , Valentin Betrix , Louis-Alexandre Piquet , Emmanuel Hauptmann

A novel forecast combination and weighted quantile based tail-risk forecasting framework is proposed, aiming to reduce the impact of modelling uncertainty in tail-risk forecasting. The proposed approach is based on a two-step estimation…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-20 Giuseppe Storti , Chao Wang

In this paper, we examine the materiality of ESG on country creditworthiness from a credit risk and fundamental analysis viewpoint. We first determine the ESG indicators that are most relevant when it comes to explaining the sovereign bond…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2021-10-25 Raphaël Semet , Thierry Roncalli , Lauren Stagnol

Expected Shortfall (ES) is a coherent measure of tail risk that captures the average loss beyond a quantile threshold. Despite the growing literature on ES regression conditional on covariates, no existing work considers ES modeling in…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-15 Yujie Hou , Xinbing Kong , Yalin Wang , Bin Wu

The widespread confusion among investors regarding Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) rankings assigned by rating agencies has underscored a critical issue in sustainable investing. To address this uncertainty, our research has…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-23 Jiayue Zhang , Ken Seng Tan , Tony S. Wirjanto , Lysa Porth

We systematically investigate the links between price returns and Environment, Social and Governance (ESG) scores in the European equity market. Using interpretable machine learning, we examine whether ESG scores can explain the part of…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-04-10 Jérémi Assael , Laurent Carlier , Damien Challet

We introduce a method to estimate simultaneously the tail and the threshold parameters of an extreme value regression model. This standard model finds its use in finance to assess the effect of market variables on extreme loss distributions…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-17 Julien Hambuckers , Marie Kratz , Antoine Usseglio-Carleve

This paper introduces a state-dependent momentum framework that integrates ESG regime switching with tail-risk-aware reward-risk metrics. Using a dynamic programming approach and solving a finite-horizon Bellman equation, we construct…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-02 Ayush Jha , Abootaleb Shirvani , Ali Jaffri , Svetlozar T. Rachev , Frank J. Fabozzi

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) datasets are frequently plagued by significant data gaps, leading to inconsistencies in ESG ratings due to varying imputation methods. This paper explores the application of established machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Sergio Caprioli , Jacopo Foschi , Riccardo Crupi , Alessandro Sabatino

In the last five years, expected shortfall (ES) and stressed ES (SES) have become key required regulatory measures of market risk in the banking sector, especially following events such as the global financial crisis. Thus, finding ways to…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-16 Eden Gross , Ryan Kruger , Francois Toerien

We designed a machine learning algorithm that identifies patterns between ESG profiles and financial performances for companies in a large investment universe. The algorithm consists of regularly updated sets of rules that map regions into…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-07 Carmine de Franco , Christophe Geissler , Vincent Margot , Bruno Monnier

A usual reinsurance policy for insurance companies admits one or two layers of the payment deductions. Under optimal criterion of minimizing the conditional tail expectation (CTE) risk measure of the insurer's total risk, this article…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-24 Amir T. Payandeh Najafabadi , Ali Panahi Bazaz

The estimation of loss distributions for dynamic portfolios requires the simulation of scenarios representing realistic joint dynamics of their components. We propose a novel data-driven approach for simulating realistic, high-dimensional…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-05-19 Rama Cont , Mihai Cucuringu , Renyuan Xu , Chao Zhang

ESG-aware portfolio optimization is increasingly important for sustainable capital allocation, yet most learning-based methods still operationalize ESG by appending static scores to the policy observation or reward. This creates a mismatch…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xin Li , Yan Ke , Longbing Cao

Currently, legal requirements demand that insurance companies increase their emphasis on monitoring the risks linked to the underwriting and asset management activities. Regarding underwriting risks, the main uncertainties that insurers…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-19 Eduardo Ramos-Pérez , Pablo J. Alonso-González , José Javier Núñez-Velázquez

We consider the problem of evaluating risk for a system that is modeled by a complex stochastic simulation with many possible input parameter values. Two sources of computational burden can be identified: the effort associated with…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-29 Armin Khayyer , Alexander Vinel , Joseph J. Kennedy

Capital allocation is a procedure for quantifying the contribution of each source of risk to aggregated risk. The gradient allocation rule, also known as the Euler principle, is a prevalent rule of capital allocation under which the…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-28 Takaaki Koike , Cathy W. S. Chen , Edward M. H. Lin
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