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This paper introduces an energy-efficient, software-defined vehicular edge network for the growing intelligent connected transportation system. A joint user-centric virtual cell formation and resource allocation problem is investigated to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-18 Md Ferdous Pervej , Shih-Chun Lin

One of the challenges for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is designing efficient learning algorithms for a large system in which each agent has only limited or partial information of the entire system. While exciting progress has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Haotian Gu , Xin Guo , Xiaoli Wei , Renyuan Xu

In Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), multiple agents interact with a common environment, as also with each other, for solving a shared problem in sequential decision-making. It has wide-ranging applications in gaming, robotics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Gugan Thoppe , Bhumesh Kumar

Temporal-Difference (TD) learning is a general and very useful tool for estimating the value function of a given policy, which in turn is required to find good policies. Generally speaking, TD learning updates states whenever they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Nishanth Anand , Doina Precup

We observe that several existing policy gradient methods (such as vanilla policy gradient, PPO, A2C) may suffer from overly large gradients when the current policy is close to deterministic (even in some very simple environments), leading…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Chuheng Zhang , Yuanqi Li , Jian Li

In this work, we introduce the Resilient Projected Push-Pull (RP3) algorithm designed for distributed optimization in multi-agent cyber-physical systems with directed communication graphs and the presence of malicious agents. Our algorithm…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Arif Kerem Dayı , Orhan Eren Akgün , Stephanie Gil , Michal Yemini , Angelia Nedić

The main goal of this paper is to investigate continuous-time distributed dynamic programming (DP) algorithms for networked multi-agent Markov decision problems (MAMDPs). In our study, we adopt a distributed multi-agent framework where…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-14 Donghwan Lee , Han-Dong Lim , Do Wan Kim

We study a distributed learning problem in which $n$ agents, each with potentially heterogeneous local data, collaboratively minimize the sum of their local cost functions via peer-to-peer communication. We propose a novel algorithm,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Runze You , Shi Pu

This paper proposes a distributed dual gradient tracking algorithm (DDGT) to solve resource allocation problems over an unbalanced network, where each node in the network holds a private cost function and computes the optimal resource by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-25 Jiaqi Zhang , Keyou You , Kai Cai

We consider off-policy temporal-difference (TD) learning methods for policy evaluation in Markov decision processes with finite spaces and discounted reward criteria, and we present a collection of convergence results for several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Huizhen Yu

Determining multi-robot motion policies for persistently monitoring a region with limited sensing, communication, and localization constraints in non-GPS environments is a challenging problem. To take the localization constraints into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Manav Mishra , Prithvi Poddar , Rajat Agarwal , Jingxi Chen , Pratap Tokekar , P. B. Sujit

Decentralized execution is one core demand in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Recently, most popular MARL algorithms have adopted decentralized policies to enable decentralized execution, and use gradient descent as the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jianing Ye , Chenghao Li , Yongqiang Dou , Jianhao Wang , Guangwen Yang , Chongjie Zhang

In dynamic programming (DP) and reinforcement learning (RL), an agent learns to act optimally in terms of expected long-term return by sequentially interacting with its environment modeled by a Markov decision process (MDP). More generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Mastane Achab , Gergely Neu

Distributed Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) integrated with Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a prominent research focus, enabling real-time cooperative decision-making in partially observable environments through…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Guotao Li , Shaoyun Xu , Yuexing Hao , Yang Wang , Yuhui Sun

Multi-agent reinforcement learning has drawn increasing attention in practice, e.g., robotics and automatic driving, as it can explore optimal policies using samples generated by interacting with the environment. However, high reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Jifeng Hu , Yanchao Sun , Hechang Chen , Sili Huang , haiyin piao , Yi Chang , Lichao Sun

We study the policy evaluation problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning where a group of agents, with jointly observed states and private local actions and rewards, collaborate to learn the value function of a given policy via local…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-08 Dongsheng Ding , Xiaohan Wei , Zhuoran Yang , Zhaoran Wang , Mihailo R. Jovanović

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has proven highly effective in addressing complex control and decision-making tasks. However, in most traditional RL algorithms, the policy is typically parameterized as a diagonal Gaussian distribution, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ruijie Hao , Longfei Zhang , Yang Dai , Yang Ma , Xingxing Liang , Guangquan Cheng

We formally establish the equivalence between Observation Delay (OD) and Action Delay (AD) in cooperative partially observable multi-agent systems using observation-action histories. We show that both systems generate identical admissible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Jules Sintes , Ana Bušić , Jiamin Zhu

We investigate the problem of distributed training under partial observability, whereby cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning agents (MARL) maximize the expected cumulative joint reward. We propose distributed value decomposition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Guilherme S. Varela , Alberto Sardinha , Francisco S. Melo

The finite-time convergence of off-policy TD learning has been comprehensively studied recently. However, such a type of convergence has not been well established for off-policy TD learning in the multi-agent setting, which covers broader…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Ziyi Chen , Yi Zhou , Rongrong Chen