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Optical near fields are at the heart of various applications in sensing and imaging. We investigate dipole scattering as a parameter estimation problem and show that optical near-fields carry more information about the location and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Lukas Kienesberger , Thomas Juffmann , Stefan Nimmrichter

We propose a novel algorithm to estimate the channel covariance matrix of a desired user in multiuser massive MIMO systems. The algorithm uses only knowledge of the array response and rough knowledge of the angular support of the incoming…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-15 Renato Luis Garrido Cavalcante , Slawomir Stanczak

Phase imaging techniques extract the optical path-length information of a scene, whereas wavefront sensors provide the shape of an optical wavefront. Since these two applications have different technical requirements, they have developed…

Optics · Physics 2018-02-28 F. Soldevila , V. Durán , P. Clemente , J. Lancis , E. Tajahuerce

This paper investigates the design of channel estimation and 3D localization algorithms in a challenging scenario, where a sub-connected planar extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) communicates with multi-antenna…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-24 Kangda Zhi , Tianyu Yang , Songyan Xue , Giuseppe Caire

Accurate channel parameter estimation is challenging for wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave) large-scale hybrid arrays, due to beam squint and much fewer radio frequency (RF) chains than antennas. This paper presents a novel joint delay and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Zhipeng Lin , Tiejun Lv , Wei Ni , J. Andrew Zhang , Jie Zeng , Ren Ping Liu

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is a key technology for next-generation wireless communication systems. By deploying significantly more antennas than conventional massive MIMO systems, XL-MIMO promises…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ming Zeng , Ji Wang , Wanming Hao , Zheng Chu , Wenwu Xie , Quoc-Viet Pham

The narrowband and far-field assumption in conventional wireless system design leads to a mismatch with the optimal beamforming required for wideband and near-field systems. This discrepancy is exacerbated for larger apertures and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-01 Nitish Deshpande , Miguel R. Castellanos , Saeed R. Khosravirad , Jinfeng Du , Harish Viswanathan , Robert W. Heath

This paper considers pilot-based channel estimation in large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, also known as massive MIMO, where there are hundreds of antennas at one side of the link. Motivated by the fact…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-18 Nafiseh Shariati , Emil Björnson , Mats Bengtsson , Mérouane Debbah

This research sets forth a universal framework to characterize the beamforming gain achievable with arbitrarily nonideal phase shifters. Precisely, the maximum possible shortfall relative to the gain attainable with ideal phase shifters is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-15 Heedong Do , Angel Lozano

This paper investigates the channel estimation for holographic MIMO systems by unmasking their distinctions from the conventional one. Specifically, we elucidate that the channel estimation, subject to holographic MIMO's electromagnetically…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yuanbin Chen , Ying Wang , Zhaocheng Wang , Zhu Han

Channel charting builds a map of the radio environment in an unsupervised way. The obtained chart locations can be seen as low-dimensional compressed versions of channel state information that can be used for a wide variety of applications,…

Beam steering enables manipulation of the electromagnetic radiation patterns in antenna array systems. A methodology for steering beams in the near field of a planar antenna array with known phase wavefront functions towards arbitrary…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Aleš Simončič , Andrej Hrovat , Grega Morano , Teodora Kocevska , Tomaž Javornik

In this work we present an extension of the Virtual Element Method with curved edges for the numerical approximation of the second order wave equation in a bidimensional setting. Curved elements are used to describe the domain boundary, as…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-14 Franco Dassi , Alessio Fumagalli , Ilario Mazzieri , Anna Scotti , Giuseppe Vacca

In this manuscript we demonstrate a method to reconstruct the wavefront of focused beams from a measured diffraction pattern behind a diffracting mask in real-time. The phase problem is solved by means of a neural network, which is trained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Jonathon White , Sici Wang , Wilhelm Eschen , Jan Rothhardt

In astronomy or biological imaging, refractive index inhomogeneities of e.g. atmosphere or tissues induce optical aberrations which degrade the desired information hidden behind the medium. A standard approach consists in measuring these…

Optics · Physics 2023-06-01 Tengfei Wu , Marc Guillon , Gilles Tessier , Pascal Berto

Ultrafast and accurate physical layer models are essential for designing, optimizing and managing ultra-wideband optical transmission systems. We present a closed-form GN/EGN model, named Polynomial Closed-Form Model (PCFM), improving…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-01 Pierluigi Poggiolini , Yanchao Jiang , Yifeng Gao , Fabrizio Forghieri

Accurate multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel estimation is critical for next-generation wireless systems, enabling enhanced communication and sensing performance. Traditional model-based channel estimation methods suffer, however,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Seyed Alireza Javid , Nuria González-Prelcic

Extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems are a key technology for future wireless networks, but the large array aperture naturally creates a hybrid-field (HF) propagation regime in which far-field (FF)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 David William Marques Guerra , Taufik Abrao

We formulate antenna impedance estimation in a classical estimation framework under correlated Raleigh fading channels. Based on training sequences of multiple packets, we derive the ML estimators for antenna impedance and channel variance,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Shaohan Wu , Brian Hughes

Phase estimation, at the heart of many quantum metrology and communication schemes, can be strongly affected by noise, whose amplitude may not be known, or might be subject to drift. Here, we investigate the joint estimation of a phase…