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Pixel-based fluid antennas provide enhanced multiplexing gains and quicker radiation pattern switching than traditional designs. However, this innovation introduces challenges for channel estimation and analog precoding due to the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-12 Huayan Guo , Jichen Zhang , Junhui Rao , Ross Murch , Vincent K. N. Lau

This paper considers pilot-based channel estimation in large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, also known as "massive MIMO". Unlike previous works on this topic, which mainly considered the impact of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-18 Nafiseh Shariati , Emil Björnson , Mats Bengtsson , Mérouane Debbah

The extremely large-scale massive multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) has the potential to achieve boosted spectral efficiency and refined spatial resolution for future wireless networks. However, channel estimation for XL-MIMO is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Chun Huang , Jindan Xu , Wei Xu , Xiaohu You , Chau Yuen , Yijian Chen

Antenna behaviors such as mutual coupling, near-field propagation, and polarization cannot be neglected in signal and channel models for wireless communication. We present an electromagnetic-based array manifold that accounts for several…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-09 Miguel R. Castellanos , Robert W. Heath

Wavefront sensing is a widely-used non-interferometric, single-shot, and quantitative technique providing the spatial-phase of a beam. The phase is obtained by integrating the measured wavefront gradient. Complex and random wavefields…

Optics · Physics 2021-07-09 Tengfei Wu , Pascal Berto , Marc Guillon

A quantum channel is a mapping which sends density matrices to density matrices. The estimation of quantum channels is of great importance to the field of quantum information. In this thesis two topics related to estimation of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-25 Caleb J. O'Loan

This paper tackles the challenge of wideband MIMO channel estimation within indoor millimeter-wave scenarios. Our proposed approach exploits the integrated sensing and communication paradigm, where sensing information aids in channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-27 Silvia Mura , Marouan Mizmizi , Umberto Spagnolini , Athina Petropulu

Radar targets are traditionally modelled as point target reflectors, even in the near-field region. Yet, for radar systems operating at high carrier frequencies and small distances, traditional radar propagation models do not accurately…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-28 François De Saint Moulin , Guillaume Thiran , Christophe Craeye , Luc Vandendorpe , Claude Oestges

The adoption of large-scale antenna arrays at high-frequency bands is widely envisioned in the beyond 5G wireless networks. This leads to the near-field regime where the wavefront is no longer planar but spherical, bringing new…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Ang Chen , Li Chen , Yunfei Chen , Changsheng You , Guo Wei , F. Richard Yu

Accurate channel model and channel estimation are essential to empower extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO) in 6G networks with ultra-high spectral efficiency. With the sharp increase in the antenna array aperture of the XL-MIMO scenario,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Yu Lu , Linglong Dai

Due to the low per-antenna SNR and high signaling overhead, channel estimation is a major bottleneck in Massive MIMO systems. Spatial constraints can improve estimation performance by exploiting sparsity. Solutions exist for far field -…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-21 Arkady Molev-Shteiman , Laurence Mailaender , Xiao-Feng Qi

This work establishes a framework of near-field communication under different array geometries of extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO). We first formulate the near-field spatial non-stationary channel model which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Kangda Zhi , Yi Song , Tianyu Yang , Tuo Wu , Tengjiao Wang , Songyan Xue , Fangzhou Wu , Giuseppe Caire

Channel estimation is challenging for millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO with hybrid precoding, since the number of radio frequency (RF) chains is much smaller than that of antennas. Conventional compressive sensing based channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Chen Hu , Linglong Dai , Talha Mir , Zhen Gao , Jun Fang

The proliferation of large multi-antenna configurations operating in high frequency bands has recently challenged the conventional far-field, rich-scattering paradigm of wireless channels. Extra large antenna arrays must usually work in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Adrian Agustin , Xavier Mestre

Quantum channels describe the most general dynamics of open quantum systems. A quantum channel, as a linear map on vectorized quantum states, can be represented by a single matrix, whose spectrum is called the channel spectrum. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Yuan-De Jin , Wen-Long Ma

Channel estimation is challenging in multi-antenna communication systems, because of the large number of parameters to estimate. It is possible to facilitate this task by using a physical model describing the multiple paths constituting the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-04-27 Luc Le Magoarou , Stéphane Paquelet

Communication systems aided by movable antennas have been the subject of recent research due to their potentially increased spatial degrees of freedom offered by optimizing the antenna positioning at the transmitter and/or receiver. In this…

Accurate channel estimation is essential for reliable communication in sub-THz extremely large (XL) MIMO systems. Deploying XL-MIMO in high-frequency bands not only increases the number of antennas, but also fundamentally alters channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Wen-Xuan Long , Marco Moretti , Michele Morelli , Luca Sanguinetti , Rui Chen

Wavelet estimators for a probability density f enjoy many good properties, however they are not "shape-preserving" in the sense that the final estimate may not be non-negative or integrate to unity. A solution to negativity issues may be to…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-29 Carlos Aya Moreno , Gery Geenens , Spiridon Penev

The prior works on near-field target localization have mostly assumed ideal hardware models and thus suffer from two limitations in practice. First, extremely large-scale arrays (XL-arrays) usually face a variety of hardware impairments…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-29 Jiapeng Li , Changsheng You , Chao Zhou , Yong Zeng , Zhiyong Feng