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Modern computing paradigms, such as cloud computing, are increasingly adopting GPUs to boost their computing capabilities primarily due to the heterogeneous nature of AI/ML/deep learning workloads. However, the energy consumption of GPUs is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Shashikant Ilager , Rajeev Muralidhar , Kotagiri Rammohanrao , Rajkumar Buyya

As AI's energy demand continues to grow, it is critical to enhance the understanding of characteristics of this demand, to improve grid infrastructure planning and environmental assessment. By combining empirical measurements from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Alex C. Newkirk , Jared Fernandez , Jonathan Koomey , Imran Latif , Emma Strubell , Arman Shehabi , Constantine Samaras

The steady growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has accelerated in the recent years, facilitated by the development of sophisticated models such as large language models and foundation models. Ensuring robust and reliable power…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Andrea Marinoni , Sai Shivareddy , Pietro Lio' , Weisi Lin , Erik Cambria , Clare Grey

Accurate short-term energy consumption forecasting is essential for efficient power grid management, resource allocation, and market stability. Traditional time-series models often fail to capture the complex, non-linear dependencies and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Abhishek Maity , Viraj Tukarul

AI data center loads create query-driven power transients on millisecond timescales. Such loads can violate the timescale separation assumptions underlying internal inverter control of grid-following resources collocated with data centers…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Miroslav Kosanic , Marija Ilic

Demand for AI accelerators is rapidly increasing rack power density, with projections approaching 1MW per deployment by 2027. This poses a major challenge for datacenter power delivery designers. As power densities increase, a datacenter…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Grant Wilkins , Fiodar Kazhamiaka , Alok Gautam Kumbhare , Chaojie Zhang , Ricardo Bianchini

The simulation of power system dynamics poses a computationally expensive task. Considering the growing uncertainty of generation and demand patterns, thousands of scenarios need to be continuously assessed to ensure the safety of power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-13 Jochen Stiasny , Spyros Chatzivasileiadis

The rapid rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) is driving unprecedented growth in global computational demand, placing increasing pressure on electricity systems. This study introduces an AI-energy coupling framework that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Danbo Chen , Zijun Zhou , Yongyang Cai , Jiahong Qin , Ani Katchova , Lei Chen

Energy is now a critical ML computing resource. While measuring energy consumption and observing trends is a valuable first step, accurately understanding and diagnosing why those differences occur is crucial for optimization. To that end,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jae-Won Chung , Ruofan Wu , Jeff J. Ma , Mosharaf Chowdhury

We examine the computational energy requirements of different systems driven by the geometrical scaling law, and increasing use of Artificial Intelligence or Machine Learning (AI-ML) over the last decade. With more scientific and technology…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sadasivan Shankar , Albert Reuther

The scheduling and operation of power system becomes prominently complex and uncertain, especially with the penetration of distributed power. Load forecasting matters to the effective operation of power system. This paper proposes a novel…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Tinghui Ouyang , Yusen He , Huajin Li , Zhiyu Sun , Stephen Baek

AI data centers which are GPU centric, have adopted liquid cooling to handle extreme heat loads, but coolant leaks result in substantial energy loss through unplanned shutdowns and extended repair periods. We present a proof-of-concept…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Krishna Chaitanya Sunkara , Rambabu Konakanchi

Forecasting power consumptions of integrated electrical, heat or gas network systems is essential in order to operate more efficiently the whole energy network. Multi-energy systems are increasingly seen as a key component of future energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Corneliu Arsene , Alessandra Parisio

Electricity is a volatile power source that requires great planning and resource management for both short and long term. More specifically, in the short-term, accurate instant energy consumption forecasting contributes greatly to improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Nuno Oliveira , Norberto Sousa , Isabel Praça

With the increase in the complexity of chip designs, VLSI physical design has become a time-consuming task, which is an iterative design process. Power planning is that part of the floorplanning in VLSI physical design where power grid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Sukanta Dey , Sukumar Nandi , Gaurav Trivedi

The flexibility in electricity consumption and production in communities of residential buildings, including those with renewable energy sources and energy storage (a.k.a., prosumers), can effectively be utilized through the advancement of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Aleksei Kychkin , Georgios C. Chasparis

The recent growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly large language models, requires energy-demanding high-performance computing (HPC) data centers, which poses a significant burden on power system capacity. Scheduling data…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Yihong Zhou , Angel Paredes , Chaimaa Essayeh , Thomas Morstyn

Electricity load forecasting plays an important role in the energy planning such as generation and distribution. However, the nonlinearity and dynamic uncertainties in the smart grid environment are the main obstacles in forecasting…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Faisal Mohammad , Ki Boem Lee , Young-Chon Kim

Robustly estimating energy consumption in High-Performance Computing (HPC) is essential for assessing the energy footprint of modern workloads, particularly in fields such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, development, and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Luis G. León-Vega , Niccolò Tosato , Stefano Cozzini

The increasing usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, especially Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), is increasing the power consumption during training and inference, posing environmental concerns and driving the need for more…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Gabriel Cortês , Nuno Lourenço , Penousal Machado