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Machine learning algorithms have revolutionized different fields, including natural language processing, computer vision, signal processing, and medical data processing. Despite the excellent capabilities of machine learning algorithms in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-07 Gita Sarafraz , Armin Behnamnia , Mehran Hosseinzadeh , Ali Balapour , Amin Meghrazi , Hamid R. Rabiee

Continual learning (CL) in large language models (LLMs) is an evolving domain that focuses on developing efficient and sustainable training strategies to adapt models to emerging knowledge and achieve robustness in dynamic environments. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Çağatay Yıldız , Nishaanth Kanna Ravichandran , Nitin Sharma , Matthias Bethge , Beyza Ermis

Recently, transfer learning and self-supervised learning have gained significant attention within the medical field due to their ability to mitigate the challenges posed by limited data availability, improve model generalisation, and reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zehui Zhao , Laith Alzubaidi , Jinglan Zhang , Ye Duan , Usman Naseem , Yuantong Gu

We introduce a transfer learning framework for regression that leverages heterogeneous source domains to improve predictive performance in a data-scarce target domain. Our approach learns a conditional generative model separately for each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-03 Yikun Zhang , Steven Wilkins-Reeves , Wesley Lee , Aude Hofleitner

The research explores the utilization of a deep learning model employing an attention mechanism in medical text mining. It targets the challenge of analyzing unstructured text information within medical data. This research seeks to enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Lingxi Xiao , Muqing Li , Yinqiu Feng , Meiqi Wang , Ziyi Zhu , Zexi Chen

Large-scale labeled training datasets have enabled deep neural networks to excel across a wide range of benchmark vision tasks. However, in many applications, it is prohibitively expensive and time-consuming to obtain large quantities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Sicheng Zhao , Xiangyu Yue , Shanghang Zhang , Bo Li , Han Zhao , Bichen Wu , Ravi Krishna , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit A. Seshia , Kurt Keutzer

Medical imaging models frequently fail when deployed across hospitals, scanners, populations, or imaging protocols due to domain shift, limiting their clinical reliability. While transfer learning and domain adaptation address such shifts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mohammed M. Abdelsamea , Daniel Tweneboah Anyimadu , Tasneem Selim , Saif Alzubi , Lei Zhang , Ahmed Karam Eldaly , Xujiong Ye

Deep learning has shown remarkable progress in medical image semantic segmentation, yet its success heavily depends on large-scale expert annotations and consistent data distributions. In practice, annotations are scarce, and images are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Ba-Thinh Lam , Thanh-Huy Nguyen , Hoang-Thien Nguyen , Quang-Khai Bui-Tran , Nguyen Lan Vi Vu , Phat K. Huynh , Ulas Bagci , Min Xu

With promising results of machine learning based models in computer vision, applications on medical imaging data have been increasing exponentially. However, generalizations to complex real-world clinical data is a persistent problem. Deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Nooshin Mojab , Vahid Noroozi , Darvin Yi , Manoj Prabhakar Nallabothula , Abdullah Aleem , Phillip S. Yu , Joelle A. Hallak

Humans have the ability to accumulate knowledge of new tasks in varying conditions, but deep neural networks often suffer from catastrophic forgetting of previously learned knowledge after learning a new task. Many recent methods focus on…

Medical image artificial intelligence models often achieve strong performance in single-center or single-device settings, yet their effectiveness frequently deteriorates in real-world cross-center deployment due to domain shift, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jingsong Xia , Siqi Wang

Continual learning (CL) is essential for deploying medical image segmentation models in clinical environments where imaging domains, anatomical targets, and diagnostic tasks evolve over time. However, continual segmentation still faces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Bomin Wang , Hangqi Zhou , Yibo Gao , Xiahai Zhuang

Many medical datasets have recently been created for medical image segmentation tasks, and it is natural to question whether we can use them to sequentially train a single model that (1) performs better on all these datasets, and (2)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Chenyu You , Jinlin Xiang , Kun Su , Xiaoran Zhang , Siyuan Dong , John Onofrey , Lawrence Staib , James S. Duncan

Deep learning-based models in medical imaging often struggle to generalize effectively to new scans due to data heterogeneity arising from differences in hardware, acquisition parameters, population, and artifacts. This limitation presents…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-09 Sebastian Nørgaard Llambias , Mads Nielsen , Mostafa Mehdipour Ghazi

Traditional domain generalization methods often rely on domain alignment to reduce inter-domain distribution differences and learn domain-invariant representations. However, domain shifts are inherently difficult to eliminate, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yuheng Xu , Taiping Zhang

Deep learning models achieved high accuracy in pneumonia detection from chest X-rays. However, their generalization across clinical domains remains limited due to variations in imaging devices, acquisition protocols, and institutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Danu Kim

Clinical data is often affected by clinically irrelevant factors such as discrepancies between measurement devices or differing processing methods between sites. In the field of machine learning (ML), these factors are known as domains and…

During an infectious disease pandemic, it is critical to share electronic medical records or models (learned from these records) across regions. Applying one region's data/model to another region often have distribution shift issues that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Ye Ye , Andrew Gu

In search of robust and generalizable machine learning models, Domain Generalization (DG) has gained significant traction during the past few years. The goal in DG is to produce models which continue to perform well when presented with data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Aristotelis Ballas , Christos Diou

The insertion of deep learning in medical image analysis had lead to the development of state-of-the art strategies in several applications such a disease classification, as well as abnormality detection and segmentation. However, even the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-24 Mauricio Orbes-Arteaga , Thomas Varsavsky , Lauge Sorensen , Mads Nielsen , Akshay Pai , Sebastien Ourselin , Marc Modat , M Jorge Cardoso